What are Cheyne-Stokes respirations?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because Cheyne-Stokes respirations are characterized by a pattern of progressively deeper breaths followed by shallower breaths with apneic periods. This pattern indicates an abnormal breathing rhythm often seen in conditions affecting the brainstem. Choice B is incorrect because it describes a different condition known as Biot's respiration. Choice C is incorrect as it describes irregular breathing without the characteristic pattern seen in Cheyne-Stokes. Choice D is incorrect as it describes shallow breathing with an increased respiratory rate, which is not the pattern seen in Cheyne-Stokes respirations.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Pork products like bacon. In Islam, consuming pork is strictly forbidden as it is considered impure. This prohibition is clearly stated in the Quran. Muslims are required to avoid all forms of pork, including bacon, ham, and any products derived from pigs. Shrimps and crabs (choice A) are permissible seafood according to Islamic dietary laws. Wine and alcoholic drinks (choice B) are also prohibited in Islam. Fish with scales (choice C) are allowed to be consumed by Muslims as long as they are Halal. In summary, the other choices are incorrect because they do not align with the specific dietary restrictions outlined in Islamic teachings.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: When the arm is above the heart, the blood pressure reading will be falsely low due to the effects of gravity. Gravity causes blood to pool in the arm, reducing the pressure sensed by the blood pressure cuff. This results in an inaccurate reading. Therefore, choice B (False Low) is correct. Choice A (False High) is incorrect because blood pressure does not increase when the arm is above the heart. Choice C (Undetermined) is incorrect as the effect of gravity on blood pressure is known. Choice D (Slightly increased by 2-3 mmHg) is also incorrect as blood pressure is actually lower in this position.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Ambulate the client in the hall. Ambulating the client helps to stimulate peristalsis and promote the movement of gas through the intestines, making it easier to eliminate gas before inserting a rectal tube. Walking also helps in releasing trapped gas. B: Providing a carbonated beverage may actually increase gas production, making it counterproductive in this situation. C: Restricting the intake of solid food may not directly help in eliminating gas, as gas is mainly produced during digestion. D: Administering a narcotic analgesic may have a constipating effect, which can further exacerbate the issue of gas retention.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, biliary obstruction. A bilirubin level of 5 mg/dL indicates liver dysfunction, which can be caused by biliary obstruction. The normal range for bilirubin is 0.3-1.2 mg/dL. S. Sodium and S. Potassium levels are within normal range, ruling out hypernatremia and renal failure. Thrombocytopenia is a decrease in platelet count and is unrelated to the given lab values.