What affect does ADH have on urine output?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: ADH reduces urine output by increasing water reabsorption, not minimal, increases, or maintains. This specifies ADH's antidiuretic role, critical for hydration, contrasting with diuretic effects.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Kidneys remove toxins, wastes, excess water/ions all apply. This defines filtration scope, critical for detoxification, contrasting with partial roles.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Loop of Henle lies between PCT and DCT, not collecting duct or none. This sequences nephron, critical for concentration, contrasting with misplacements.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Segmental artery splits into ~5 lobar arteries, not 6, 8, or 7. This quantifies renal supply, critical for blood flow, contrasting with variable counts.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Glomerular hydrostatic pressure is ~60 mmHg, not 65, 75, or 55. This quantifies filtration pressure, critical for GFR calculation, contrasting with misestimates.