ATI RN
ATI Pathophysiology Questions
Question 1 of 5
What action is specific to hormonal contraceptives and should be taught to this woman?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct action specific to hormonal contraceptives that should be taught to the woman is that they alter cervical mucus to prevent sperm penetration. This mechanism helps in preventing pregnancy by reducing the chances of sperm reaching the egg. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. Choice B is inaccurate as hormonal contraceptives work by inhibiting ovulation rather than increasing follicle-stimulating hormone release. Choice C is incorrect as hormonal contraceptives do not activate the maturation of the endometrial lining; instead, they modify it to prevent implantation. Choice D is also incorrect as hormonal contraceptives do not stimulate the pituitary gland to increase luteinizing hormone synthesis and release.
Question 2 of 5
On the advice of his brother, a 53-year-old man has made an appointment to request a prescription for Viagra. The nurse who works at the clinic is reviewing the man's medical history and would recognize what health problem as being prohibitive to this treatment?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Nitroglycerin is contraindicated with Viagra due to their combined effects on lowering blood pressure, which can result in a severe drop and potentially life-threatening complications. Using both medications together can lead to hypotension, putting the patient at risk. Therefore, the presence of angina treated with nitroglycerin would make prescribing Viagra unsafe. Choices A, B, and D are not directly contraindicated with Viagra and can be managed concurrently with this treatment.
Question 3 of 5
A 45-year-old diabetic male is experiencing erectile dysfunction. If his erectile dysfunction is caused by the nervous system, then the nurse can educate the client that the venous blood supply to the penis is controlled by:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Erectile function is primarily controlled by the parasympathetic nervous system, which facilitates the dilation of blood vessels in the penis. The parasympathetic nerves are responsible for vasodilation in the penis, allowing blood to enter and creating an erection. Sympathetic nerves, on the other hand, are responsible for ejaculation by causing contraction of the muscles around the vas deferens. Somatic nerves are involved in sensation and movement, not specifically in controlling blood supply to the penis. Spinal reflexes can play a role in the erectile process, but they are not directly responsible for controlling the venous blood supply.
Question 4 of 5
Following a knee injury, a football player is taking ibuprofen, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, for the control of pain. Which drug action is most likely to result in diminished sensation of pain for the player?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is A) Inhibition of cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes. Ibuprofen, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), works by inhibiting COX enzymes, specifically COX-1 and COX-2. These enzymes are responsible for the production of prostaglandins, which are mediators of pain and inflammation. By inhibiting COX enzymes, ibuprofen reduces the synthesis of prostaglandins, leading to decreased pain perception. Option B) Activation of opioid receptors is incorrect because ibuprofen does not directly affect opioid receptors. Opioid medications work through a different mechanism to relieve pain. Option C) Blocking of NMDA receptors is incorrect as well since ibuprofen does not act on NMDA receptors, which are involved in the transmission of pain signals in the central nervous system. Option D) Stimulation of serotonin receptors is also incorrect as ibuprofen does not target serotonin receptors for pain relief. In an educational context, understanding the mechanism of action of common pain medications like NSAIDs such as ibuprofen is crucial for healthcare professionals to make informed decisions regarding pain management for patients. Knowing how different classes of drugs work can help in choosing the most appropriate medication based on the type and severity of pain experienced by the patient.
Question 5 of 5
In the ICU setting, a client transported from surgery following open heart bypass grafting will likely have his or her core temperature measured by:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In the ICU setting, a client transported from surgery following open heart bypass grafting will likely have their core temperature measured by an esophageal thermometer. This method is preferred because it provides a more accurate reflection of the body's core temperature compared to other methods. Esophageal thermometers are inserted into the esophagus, which is close to the heart and major blood vessels, making it an ideal site for accurate temperature monitoring in critically ill patients. This is especially important in post-surgical patients where precise temperature monitoring is crucial for early detection of complications such as infection or hypothermia. The other options are not as suitable for measuring core temperature in this setting. Oral thermometers may not accurately reflect core temperature, especially in critically ill patients who may be mouth-breathing or have altered consciousness. Rectal thermometers provide a more peripheral temperature reading and are not as reliable for core temperature monitoring. Temporal artery thermometers are also peripheral and may not accurately reflect core temperature changes. Educationally, understanding the rationale behind selecting the appropriate temperature monitoring method in different clinical scenarios is crucial for providing optimal patient care. It emphasizes the importance of accurate assessment techniques to guide clinical interventions and ensure patient safety and well-being.