What action is best for the community health nurse to take if the nurse suspects that an infant is being physically abused?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Follow agency protocols to report suspected abuse. This is the best action for the community health nurse to take because it ensures that the suspected abuse is properly documented and investigated by the appropriate authorities, such as child protective services. By following agency protocols, the nurse can help protect the infant from further harm and provide support to the family. Reporting suspicions to a child abuse reporting hotline (choice C) may not be as effective as following agency protocols, as the hotline may not have the authority to investigate and intervene. Choice B and D are incorrect as they do not provide a clear course of action to address the suspected abuse.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: A 17-year-old who is sexually active with numerous partners. This individual is at highest risk for contracting HIV due to engaging in unprotected sex with multiple partners, increasing the likelihood of exposure to the virus. Adolescents are a high-risk group due to factors like peer pressure, lack of awareness, and inconsistent condom use. Summary of other choices: B: A 45-year-old lesbian with two partners in the past year - Lesbian sexual activity has a lower risk of HIV transmission compared to heterosexual or male homosexual activity. C: A 30-year-old cocaine user who works in a topless bar - Cocaine use and working in a topless bar do not directly increase the risk of HIV transmission. D: A 34-year-old male homosexual in a monogamous relationship - Being in a monogamous relationship reduces the risk of contracting HIV compared to individuals with multiple sexual partners.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because designing and implementing a no smoking campaign at the local high school addresses the leading health indicator of reducing tobacco use, which is a priority in Healthy People 2020. This intervention directly targets a key health issue and aligns with the goals of the initiative. A, leading a water aerobics class, does not specifically address a leading health indicator of Healthy People 2020. B, teaching cultural awareness, while important, is not directly related to a specific health indicator. D, providing glucometers, does not address a leading health indicator of Healthy People 2020 and focuses on a different health issue. Therefore, C is the most appropriate intervention in this scenario.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, the 60-year-old homeless person who is an alcoholic and smokes, has the greatest risk for developing community-acquired pneumonia due to multiple risk factors. Alcoholism and smoking weaken the immune system and damage the lungs, increasing susceptibility to infections like pneumonia. Homelessness may lead to poor living conditions and limited access to healthcare, further increasing the risk. The other choices, a 40-year-old first-grade teacher, and a 75-year-old retired secretary, do not have the same level of risk factors as the homeless person. The retired secretary's exercise-induced wheezing may indicate asthma or another respiratory condition, but it does not directly increase the risk of pneumonia as much as the combination of alcoholism, smoking, and homelessness.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why choice B is the correct answer: 1. Identifying populations and individuals in need of healthcare services is crucial for securing funding as it demonstrates a clear target audience. 2. Funding sources want to ensure that their resources are directed towards those who truly need the services. 3. This criterion aligns with the fundamental principle of healthcare equity and accessibility. 4. By focusing on specific populations, the nurse can tailor the program to meet the unique needs of the community. Summary: - Choice A is incorrect as focusing on multiple health problems can dilute the program's impact and make it less targeted. - Choice C is incorrect as evaluating variations in health services is important but not directly related to securing funding for a specific outreach program. - Choice D is incorrect as offering services in various locations is practical but does not address the fundamental aspect of identifying the target population in need.