ATI RN
Chapter 14 Nutrition and Fluid Balance Workbook Answers Questions
Question 1 of 5
Water balance can be regulated independently from solute regulation.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Water balance can be regulated independently from solute regulation because the body has separate mechanisms to control water and solute levels. The kidneys regulate water balance through processes like reabsorption and excretion, while solute regulation involves maintaining proper concentrations of ions and molecules in the body. Therefore, it is true that water balance can be controlled independently from solute regulation. Other choices are not applicable (NA) as they do not provide relevant information on the question.
Question 2 of 5
The primary factor responsible for regulating H O balance in the body is control of fluid intake via the thirst mechanism.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: The primary factor regulating H2O balance is essential for maintaining proper bodily functions. Step 2: The thirst mechanism is the body's way of signaling the need for fluid intake to maintain hydration. Step 3: By controlling fluid intake through the thirst mechanism, the body can regulate its H2O balance effectively. Step 4: Therefore, the statement that the primary factor responsible for regulating H2O balance in the body is control of fluid intake via the thirst mechanism is TRUE. Summary: - Choice A is correct because the thirst mechanism plays a crucial role in regulating H2O balance. - Choice B is incorrect as it contradicts the importance of the thirst mechanism in H2O balance regulation. - Choices C and D are not applicable as they are labeled as "NA".
Question 3 of 5
The dissociation constant represents the fact that an individual acid always dissociates to the same extent.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B, FALSE. The dissociation constant (Ka) represents the extent to which an acid dissociates into its ions in solution. It varies depending on the specific acid and its concentration. Therefore, it is not true that an individual acid always dissociates to the same extent. Choice A is incorrect because it incorrectly states that it is true. Choices C and D are not applicable in this context.
Question 4 of 5
The protein and phosphate buffer systems both contribute to buffering of the ICF.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The protein and phosphate buffer systems contribute to buffering of the intracellular fluid (ICF) by regulating pH levels. Proteins contain ionizable groups that can act as buffers by accepting or donating protons. Phosphate buffer system also helps maintain intracellular pH by converting H2PO4- to HPO4^2-, adjusting pH levels. These systems work together to prevent drastic changes in pH within cells. This makes choice A true. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not provide any explanation or reasoning related to the buffering capacity of the protein and phosphate buffer systems in the intracellular fluid.
Question 5 of 5
The buffering abilities of the kidneys are more powerful than the respiratory system, because the kidneys can work to completely restore pH to normal.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rationale: The correct answer is B (FALSE) because while kidneys play a crucial role in regulating pH balance by excreting or reabsorbing bicarbonate ions, they are not as rapid as the respiratory system in adjusting pH levels. The respiratory system can rapidly adjust pH by altering breathing rate and depth. Therefore, the statement that kidneys can completely restore pH to normal is inaccurate. This is because kidneys are slower acting and may not be able to fully compensate for significant pH imbalances in a short period of time. Other choices (A, C, D) are not applicable as they do not provide a relevant response to the question.