Vomiting cause:

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Metabolic alkalosis. Vomiting causes loss of stomach acid (HCl), leading to an increase in blood pH and bicarbonate levels, resulting in metabolic alkalosis. Choice A is incorrect because vomiting does not lead to an increase in acid levels. Choices C and D are incorrect as they are related to respiratory disorders, not directly caused by vomiting. In summary, vomiting leads to metabolic alkalosis due to loss of stomach acid.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Water absorption and feces formation. The primary function of the large intestine is to absorb water from the undigested food material and form feces. This process helps in maintaining the body's water balance and producing solid waste for excretion. The large intestine does not primarily absorb nutrients like the small intestine (Choice A), nor does it digest proteins (Choice D). Choice B is irrelevant and does not describe the main function of the large intestine in digestion.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The most appropriate initial question is C: "Do you have any difficulty in preparing or eating food?" This question directly assesses the patient's ability to obtain and consume food, which is crucial in determining malnutrition risk. By asking about difficulties in food preparation and eating, the nurse can identify any physical or cognitive impairments that may impact the patient's nutritional intake. A: "How do you get to the store to buy your food?" is irrelevant to assessing malnutrition risk and does not directly address the patient's ability to eat. B: "Can you tell me the food that you ate yesterday?" does not assess the patient's current ability to obtain and consume food. D: "Are you taking any medications that alter your taste for food?" is important but not as crucial as assessing the patient's ability to prepare and eat food.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct action is C: Manually remove the impacted stool. This is the first priority to relieve the impaction causing incontinence. Administering laxatives (choice A) may worsen incontinence. Assisting the patient to sit on the toilet (choice B) will not address the impaction. Increasing oral fluid intake (choice D) may help prevent future impactions but will not address the urgent need to relieve the current impaction.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: tongue. The frenulum is a small fold of tissue that connects the tongue to the floor of the mouth. This attachment helps with the movement and function of the tongue during activities such as speaking and eating. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because the frenulum is not associated with the stomach, lips, or liver in the human anatomy. The specific location and function of the frenulum on the tongue make choice A the correct answer in this context.