ATI RN
130 Top Epidemiology Multiple Choice Questions and Answers PDF Questions
Question 1 of 5
Vital statistics are important sources of data on which of the following? (Choose one wrong answer)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Vital statistics cover mortality (B) and injuries (D), not behaviors (C).
Question 2 of 5
One child in a kindergarten room had a slight fever and did not eat lunch. Otherwise, the child seemed OK. Three days later, several children were absent from kindergarten. Which best describes what happened?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Frequently, the communicable period begins before symptoms are present. The communicable period, or communicability, follows latency and begins with shedding of the agent. The incubation period is the time from invasion to the time when disease symptoms first appear. Thus, even if parents kept their children away from the child with the fever, this could possibly be ineffective because their children may have already been exposed before the child exhibited symptoms. It is unlikely that the children suddenly changed schools. Although, there may be many reasons why parents keep their children home from school, in this situation there is a specific reason that can be identified.
Question 3 of 5
The charge nurse notes that two patients had communicable infectious diseases and were treated appropriately. Which action should be taken next by the nurse?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Because state health departments have the responsibility for monitoring and controlling communicable diseases within their respective states, they determine which diseases will be reported within their jurisdiction. Because the state health department requirements will dictate what action is taken next, it may not be necessary to report the cases to the CDC, regional health department, or to the Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report.
Question 4 of 5
A newspaper published an article stating that the athletic banquet at the local high school had approximately 1000 family members in attendance. Exactly 650 persons became ill within 24 hours, complaining of severe diarrhea, vomiting, and cramping. Which best describes the attack rate?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rates are calculated by the number of people with the problem over the number exposed to the problem. In this case, 650 persons out of the 1000 at the banquet complained of illness. Although this rate could be presented as an attack rate of 65%, 6.5% is incorrect.
Question 5 of 5
One famous study followed a cohort of nurses over their lives, collecting data and health histories as they aged. Which would be the most appropriate categorization of this study?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Prospective studies monitor a group of individuals to determine if and when disease occurs. A cross-sectional study examines relationships between potential causal factors and disease at a specific time. A retrospective study compares individuals with a particular condition or disease with those who do not have the disease. A true experiment involves both an experimental group who receives an intervention and a control group who does not receive an intervention.