Vaginal discharge is one of the clinical manifestations in women with

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Correct Answer: D - Trichomoniasis Rationale: Trichomoniasis is a sexually transmitted infection that commonly presents with vaginal discharge. The discharge is typically frothy, yellow-green, and has a strong odor. This distinguishes it from other causes of vaginal discharge. Summary of Other Choices: A: Vulvovaginal candidiasis - Typically presents with thick, white, cottage cheese-like discharge. B: Granuloma inguinale - Rare bacterial infection causing painless genital ulcers, not associated with vaginal discharge. C: Gonorrhea - May cause vaginal discharge, but typically associated with other symptoms like pelvic pain and abnormal bleeding.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: semen. Semen is the fluid that contains spermatozoa, alkaline mucus, and fructose. Spermatozoa are the male reproductive cells, alkaline mucus helps neutralize vaginal acidity, and fructose provides energy for sperm. Semen is the combination of these components, making it the term that encompasses all the other terms listed. A: spermatozoa is incorrect because it is just one component of semen. B: alkaline mucus is incorrect as it is a separate component in semen. D: fructose is incorrect because it is also just one component found in semen.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: zona pellucida. The zona pellucida is the glycoprotein layer surrounding the oocyte. It plays a crucial role in fertilization by binding sperm and facilitating the acrosome reaction. The theca interna and externa are layers surrounding the ovarian follicle, not the oocyte itself. The antrum is a fluid-filled cavity within the follicle, not the outer layer of the oocyte. Therefore, the correct choice is C as it directly relates to the outer layer of the oocyte.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The female Bartholin glands are homologous to the male Cowper's glands. Both glands secrete fluid to lubricate the reproductive tract during sexual arousal. The prostate gland (choice A) is not the correct answer as it is a different structure that produces seminal fluid. The seminal vesicles (choice C) secrete a significant portion of the seminal fluid but are not the male counterpart to the Bartholin glands. The glans (choice D) refers to the tip of the penis and is not the correct counterpart to the Bartholin glands. Therefore, the correct answer is B, Cowper's glands.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The shedding and bleeding of the decidua during menses is directly caused by low levels of sex steroids. Sex steroids, specifically estrogen and progesterone, play a crucial role in maintaining the uterine lining. When levels of these hormones drop, it triggers the shedding of the decidua, leading to menstrual bleeding. FSH and LH are pituitary hormones that regulate the menstrual cycle but do not directly cause the shedding of the decidua. GnRH is a hypothalamic hormone that stimulates the release of FSH and LH.