Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Face presentation. Vaginal delivery is possible in face presentation as the baby's head is extended, allowing for descent through the birth canal. Brow presentation (A) and shoulder presentation (C) may require cesarean delivery due to the atypical presentation of the baby. Unstable lie (D) refers to the baby being in a transverse position, which also necessitates a cesarean section. Face presentation is the only option where vaginal delivery may be possible due to the extended position of the baby's head.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because folic acid supplementation plays a crucial role in promoting spinal cord closure during fetal development, preventing neural tube defects. Folic acid helps in the formation of neural tube structures, ensuring proper closure and preventing defects like spina bifida. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as preventing infections, enhancing fetal growth, and regulating blood sugar levels are not direct mechanisms through which folic acid prevents neural tube defects.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Myelomeningocele. McEwen sign refers to the characteristic scalloping of the frontal bones due to pressure from the expanding brain in individuals with myelomeningocele. This sign is specific to myelomeningocele and is not associated with hydrocephalus (A), microcephaly (C), or encephalocele (D), which have different clinical manifestations and imaging findings. Myelomeningocele is a neural tube defect where the spinal cord and its coverings protrude through an opening in the spine, leading to neurological deficits and associated signs like McEwen sign.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The presenting diameter in brow presentation is the suboccipitofrontal diameter. This is because in brow presentation, the fetal head is in a deflexed position, with the largest diameter being from the subocciput (back of the head) to the frontal bone (forehead). This allows the head to enter the pelvis in the transverse diameter. A: Mentovertical - This refers to the chin to the top of the head, not the correct diameter for brow presentation. B: Submentobregmatic - This refers to the chin to the bregma, not the correct diameter for brow presentation. D: Occipitalfrontal - This refers to the back of the head to the forehead, not the correct diameter for brow presentation.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Correct Answer: B (Managing as an outpatient case) Rationale: 1. Moderate pre-eclampsia indicates stable condition. 2. Outpatient management allows close monitoring without hospitalization. 3. Early intervention can prevent progression to severe pre-eclampsia. 4. Hospital admission is reserved for severe cases or complications (not moderate). 5. Encouraging fluids is important, but not the specific management for pre-eclampsia.