Vaginal delivery is possible in

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Face presentation. Vaginal delivery is possible in face presentation as the baby's head is extended, allowing for descent through the birth canal. Brow presentation (A) and shoulder presentation (C) may require cesarean delivery due to the atypical presentation of the baby. Unstable lie (D) refers to the baby being in a transverse position, which also necessitates a cesarean section. Face presentation is the only option where vaginal delivery may be possible due to the extended position of the baby's head.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Majority are classified as secondary face presentation. In face presentation, the fetal head is hyperextended, presenting the face to the birth canal. Primary face presentation is rare. The bi-parietal diameter is not the presenting diameter in face presentation, as it is in vertex presentation. Locating the anterior fontanelle is not diagnostic of face presentation, as the fontanelles can be difficult to palpate during labor. Therefore, the correct statement is that the majority of face presentations are classified as secondary face presentation.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Funic cord prolapse. Funic cord prolapse is characterized by the fetal umbilical cord being alongside the presenting part. This type of cord prolapse is a more specific term used to describe the exact position of the cord in relation to the presenting part. The other choices are incorrect because: - A: Occult umbilical cord prolapse refers to a hidden or concealed cord prolapse, where the cord is not visible externally. - B: Overt umbilical cord prolapse is when the cord is visible externally before the presenting part. - D: Complete cord prolapse implies that the entire cord has descended through the cervix before the presenting part, not just alongside it. Therefore, the correct choice is C as it accurately describes the specific positioning of the umbilical cord in relation to the presenting part during cord prolapse.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The presenting diameter in brow presentation is the suboccipitofrontal diameter. This is because in brow presentation, the fetal head is in a deflexed position, with the largest diameter being from the subocciput (back of the head) to the frontal bone (forehead). This allows the head to enter the pelvis in the transverse diameter. A: Mentovertical - This refers to the chin to the top of the head, not the correct diameter for brow presentation. B: Submentobregmatic - This refers to the chin to the bregma, not the correct diameter for brow presentation. D: Occipitalfrontal - This refers to the back of the head to the forehead, not the correct diameter for brow presentation.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Check the neonate’s vital signs every 2-4 hourly. This is the priority action because neonates undergoing phototherapy are at risk for dehydration and temperature instability. Monitoring vital signs regularly helps to detect any signs of dehydration, such as decreased urine output or increased heart rate, and ensures timely intervention. Explanation for other choices: A: Turning the neonate every six hours routinely is important for preventing pressure ulcers but is not the priority when compared to monitoring vital signs for potential complications. B: Encouraging the mother to discontinue breastfeeding is incorrect as breastmilk provides essential nutrients and hydration, which are important for neonates, even during phototherapy. C: Notifying the physician if the skin turns bronze-colored is important to address a potential adverse reaction to phototherapy but does not take precedence over monitoring vital signs for immediate concerns.