Using the START triage system, which victim would the nurse triage as immediate or red during a disaster response?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because in the START triage system, immediate or red category is assigned to victims who are in critical condition and require immediate intervention to survive. A victim who is not breathing after two attempts to open the airway falls under this category as they need immediate attention to establish an airway and start breathing. Choice B is incorrect as a broken arm, while painful, does not pose an immediate life-threatening situation. Choice C is incorrect as multiple lacerations, although serious, do not indicate immediate life-threatening conditions. Choice D is also incorrect as a respiratory rate greater than 30 beats/minute with flail chest may be serious but does not require immediate intervention as compared to a victim who is not breathing.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Participating in disaster simulations. During the primary prevention stage of bioterrorism preparedness, the focus is on preventing the event from occurring. By participating in disaster simulations, the community health nurse can practice response protocols, identify gaps in preparedness, and enhance coordination with other agencies. This proactive approach helps in developing effective response strategies and improving overall readiness. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect: B: Recognizing signs and symptoms of a bioterrorist attack - This is more relevant to the early detection and response stages, not primary prevention. C: Immediately treating disease caused by a biologic agent - This is part of the secondary prevention stage focused on early treatment to prevent complications. D: Responding to the psychological aftermath of the bioterrorism event - This falls under the tertiary prevention stage, which involves addressing the long-term consequences of the event.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Disasters create the most devastation in developing countries. The people of low socioeconomic status suffer the most because their houses are less sturdy and they have fewer resources and less means of social security. The climate and location of the country does not relate to its risk of bearing the burden of disasters. Industrialized countries have a higher socioeconomic status and can better address disasters if they occur.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Mitigation refers to actions to prevent specific disasters from occurring or to reduce the severity of a disaster's effects if it cannot be avoided. Providing community educational programs on disaster preparedness is the only intervention that addresses mitigation. Requesting donations be sent to the affected area occurs during the disaster and is known as the response. Developing a notification procedure would occur as part of the preparedness stage. Depending on the timing of the recruitment, this would be part of either the preparedness or response stage.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The level of community preparedness for a disaster is only as good as the people and organizations in the community make it. Although natural disasters cannot be prevented, much can be done to minimize further increases in accidents, death, and destruction after impact. A concise, realistic, and well-rehearsed disaster plan is essential for managing the response to disaster. Open, clear, and ongoing communication among involved workers and organizations is critical. A disaster planning meeting among community agencies would not impact the stability or functioning of the community. The communication among the agencies that are present may be improved; however, the group is meeting for a specific purpose so the overall communication may not change, and there may be agencies that are not represented at the meeting.