ATI RN
Community and Public Health Nursing Evidence for Practice Questions
Question 1 of 5
Unused BCG should be discarded how many hours affer reconstitution?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C (6 hours) because after reconstitution, the BCG vaccine loses its potency and effectiveness over time due to bacterial degradation. It is crucial to discard any unused BCG vaccine within 6 hours to ensure its efficacy. Choice A (2 hours) and B (4 hours) are too short of a time frame for the vaccine to remain stable and effective. Choice D (At the end of the day) is vague and does not provide a specific timeframe, which could lead to the vaccine being kept for too long, risking its efficacy.
Question 2 of 5
You will not give DPT 2 if the mother says that the infant had?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because seizures following DPT1 indicate a serious adverse reaction, making it unsafe to administer DPT 2. Seizures are a contraindication for further DPT vaccines due to the risk of exacerbating neurological complications. Choices B, C, and D do not pose as immediate contraindications for giving DPT 2, as fever, abscess formation, and local tenderness are common and less severe reactions to the vaccine. Therefore, A is the correct choice based on safety concerns and potential harm to the infant.
Question 3 of 5
A 4-month old infant was brought to the health center of cough. Her respiratory rate is
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because using the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) guidelines, the respiratory rate of a 4-month-old infant is crucial in determining the severity of illness. IMCI guidelines help classify respiratory rates as fast, normal, or slow based on age-specific ranges. By following these guidelines, healthcare providers can accurately assess the infant's respiratory status and provide appropriate interventions. Choice B is incorrect as simply stating "fast" does not provide a standardized assessment based on guidelines. Choice C is incorrect as labeling the respiratory rate as "slow" without reference to guidelines can lead to misinterpretation. Choice D is incorrect as it does not specify the assessment based on IMCI guidelines, which are essential for accurate evaluation in pediatric cases.
Question 4 of 5
A 5-month old infant was brought by his mother to the health center because of diarrhea occurring 4 to 5 times a day. His skin goes back slowly affer a skin pinch and his eyes are sunken. Using the IMCI guidelines, you will classify this infant in which category?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct classification for this infant based on the symptoms described is severe dehydration. According to the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) guidelines, severe dehydration is characterized by skin pinch returning slowly, sunken eyes, and frequent diarrhea. These signs indicate significant fluid loss and the need for immediate intervention. No signs of dehydration (choice A) would not be accurate given the symptoms presented. Some dehydration (choice B) may not fully capture the severity of the infant's condition. The data being insufficient (choice D) is incorrect as the symptoms provided clearly indicate severe dehydration.
Question 5 of 5
A 1 1/2 year old child was classified as having 3rd degree of protein energy malnutrition, kwashjorkor. Which of the following signs will be most apparent in this child?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Edema. In severe protein energy malnutrition like kwashiorkor, edema is a hallmark sign due to low protein levels causing fluid to leak into tissues. A: Voracious appetite is incorrect as malnourished children often have reduced appetite. B: Wasting is more associated with marasmus, another form of malnutrition. C: Apathy can be seen in malnourished children, but it is not specific to kwashiorkor. In summary, edema is the most apparent sign in a child with 3rd-degree protein energy malnutrition, distinguishing it from other forms of malnutrition.