Under which category does a violation of the nurse practice act fall?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Felony. Violating the nurse practice act involves serious breaches of professional standards, such as negligence or misconduct, which are considered criminal offenses. Committing a felony indicates a severe violation of the law, carrying significant legal consequences. Choices A, C, and D do not accurately represent the gravity of the offense, as they pertain to different legal categories with varying levels of severity. A juvenile offense is a violation committed by a minor, a misdemeanor is a lesser criminal offense, and a tort is a civil wrongdoing resulting in harm.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Benchmarking compares outcomes in a variety of settings and disciplines. Quality management focuses on establishing processes to ensure quality care within a specific setting, while benchmarking involves comparing performance metrics across different settings and disciplines to identify best practices and areas for improvement. Therefore, B is the correct answer as it highlights the key difference between quality management and benchmarking. Incorrect answers: A: Quality management can be useful in any healthcare setting, not limited to outpatient. C: Quality management is applicable across various healthcare settings, not just primary care. D: Benchmarking looks at outcomes in various areas, not just nursing.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Contingency theory. Contingency theory suggests that there is no one best way to organize and manage a healthcare system. It emphasizes that the effectiveness of a healthcare delivery system depends on various factors such as the environment, technology, and organizational structure. This theory acknowledges the complexity of healthcare systems and the need for flexibility and adaptation to changing circumstances. A: Open system theory focuses on the system's interaction with its environment, but it does not specifically address the best way to organize and manage a healthcare system. B: Closed system theory suggests that a system is self-contained and not influenced by external factors, which is not suitable for describing healthcare delivery systems. C: Chaos theory emphasizes the unpredictability and complexity of systems, but it does not provide a framework for organizing and managing healthcare systems effectively.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because an elderly client awaiting a hip replacement typically requires ongoing support and coordination of services, making them a good candidate for case management. This client would benefit from assistance with navigating the healthcare system, coordinating appointments, and ensuring continuity of care post-surgery. Choice A is incorrect as the adolescent with a gunshot wound in the ER is likely to be in need of immediate medical intervention rather than case management. Choice B is incorrect as a young adult with a fractured pelvis may require medical treatment but may not necessarily need the level of ongoing support that case management provides. Choice D is incorrect as a 41-year-old client admitted for an outpatient tonsillectomy is a relatively straightforward procedure that may not require extensive case management services.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Autocratic leadership. In a high-stress, time-sensitive situation like a multiple-car accident with multiple trauma clients, autocratic leadership is most effective due to its clear chain of command and quick decision-making. The leader can provide swift direction, prioritize tasks, and ensure immediate action to save lives. Democratic leadership (A) may lead to delays in decision-making. Bureaucratic leadership (B) focuses on following procedures, which may not be suitable for urgent situations. Laissez-faire leadership (C) lacks direction and can result in chaos in a crisis.