ATI RN
Pediatric Endocrine System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Type I diabetes mellitus is most often associated with
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Type 1 diabetes is linked to autoantibodies, often against glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), not dehydrogenase.
Question 2 of 5
A 5-year-old girl has been developed type 1 diabetes mellitus 6 months ago. She is on intensive control using multiple daily injections of insulin. A recent blood testing of HgbA1c is 6.5%. Of the following, the MOST frequent complication that may be encountered at this age is
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Intensive insulin therapy in young children often leads to recurrent hypoglycemia due to tight control (HgbA1c 6.5%), variable eating, and activity patterns. Hyperglycemia (B), weight loss (C), candidiasis (D), and UTIs (E) are less frequent with good control.
Question 3 of 5
You are discussing short stature (SS) with medical students. You mention that congenital growth hormone deficiency is one of common causes of SS. An important statement that should be included with your discussion is
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Congenital GH deficiency typically presents with normal birth size (length and weight) as GH’s role emerges postnatally, with growth failure appearing later. Other options (B, C, D, E) are incorrect or less characteristic.
Question 4 of 5
Thyroid disorders consist of a variety of diseases that require different treatment according to the cause. Of the following, the thyroid disorder that does not require treatment is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Congenital thyroxine-binding globulin deficiency affects binding protein levels but not thyroid function, requiring no treatment, unlike hypothyroidism (A), cretinism (B), thyroiditis (C), or hyperthyroidism (D), which impair gland function.
Question 5 of 5
Rickets is defined as decreased bone mineralization in growing children. Hypocalcemia may accompany rickets. Of the following, the condition that causes hypocalcemia rather than rickets is
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Primary hypoparathyroidism causes hypocalcemia without defective bone mineralization (rickets), unlike vitamin D deficiency (A), biliary atresia (B), renal failure (D), and hypophosphatemia (E), which impair mineralization.