Two children need a kidney transplant. One is the child of a famous sports figure, whereas the other child comes from a low-income family. What ethically relevant consideration is important to the nurse as an advocate for these patients?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: considerations of power. In this scenario, the nurse needs to consider the power dynamics at play due to the social status of the children's families. The child of a famous sports figure may have more influence and resources, potentially leading to unfair advantages in accessing healthcare compared to the child from a low-income family. By being aware of these power dynamics, the nurse can advocate for equal treatment and fair allocation of resources. A: Balance between benefits and harms in patient care is important but not as relevant in this context as considering power dynamics. B: Norms of family life may be important in some situations but do not directly address the ethical consideration of power in this scenario. D: Cost-effectiveness and allocation are important factors but do not directly address the ethical consideration of power dynamics between the two children's families.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: demonstration. This teaching strategy is most effective for teaching CPR because it allows the mother to visually see and learn the correct techniques. By observing a demonstration, she can understand the proper steps and actions to take in an emergency. It provides a hands-on approach that enhances learning retention. Summary: A (lecture) is less effective as it is passive learning, not practical for a skill like CPR. B (discussion) is helpful for exchanging ideas but not as effective for teaching a hands-on skill like CPR. D (discovery) involves self-learning, which may not be suitable for learning a critical skill like CPR.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, the individual's appraisal of the stressor. This is because how a person perceives and interprets a stressor plays a significant role in determining their stress response. Individuals who appraise a stressor as a threat are more likely to experience a heightened stress response compared to those who view it as a challenge. This cognitive evaluation is crucial in shaping emotional and physiological reactions to stress. A: The type of stressor is not the additional factor influencing stress response in this context. Different stressors may elicit different responses, but the question is asking for an additional factor beyond age, nutritional status, and genetic inheritance. B: The amount of stress is not the primary focus here. While the intensity of stress can impact the response, the question is specifically asking for an additional factor influencing stress response beyond the factors mentioned. C: The context of the stressful event is important but does not directly influence the expression of stress response as much as the individual's appraisal of the stress

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because hospice care focuses on improving the quality of life for patients with terminal illnesses through pain management, emotional support, and enhancing comfort. This aligns with the core philosophy of hospice care, which prioritizes holistic care and dignity for patients at the end of life. Choice B is incorrect because while hospice care does address psychosocial needs, it is not the primary focus. Choice C is incorrect as hospice care is not primarily aimed at reducing hospital bills for families. Choice D is incorrect as hospice care involves collaboration with families but does not specifically focus on granting control over decision making for alert elders.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: absorbed through the skin. Transdermal medications are delivered through the skin and absorbed into the bloodstream. This route allows for slow, controlled release of the medication over an extended period. Choice A, dissolved inside the cheek, refers to sublingual administration. Choice C, inserted into the vaginal cavity, is intravaginal administration. Choice D, inhaled into the respiratory tract, is inhalation administration. These routes are different from transdermal and have specific mechanisms of action distinct from skin absorption.