Tuberculosis in man is caused by

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: A type of bacteria. Tuberculosis is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a type of bacteria. This bacterium infects the lungs and can spread to other parts of the body. The other choices (B: A virus, C: A protozoan, D: Malnutrition) are incorrect because tuberculosis is specifically caused by a bacterial infection, not a virus, protozoan, or malnutrition. Bacteria can be identified through specific staining techniques and culture methods, distinguishing them from viruses and protozoa. Malnutrition is a risk factor for developing tuberculosis but is not the direct cause of the disease.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Rationale: Stridor indicates upper airway obstruction, which can quickly progress to respiratory distress. As the client is anxious and restless, immediate intervention is crucial. Contacting the primary health care provider and preparing for intubation is the priority to secure the airway and ensure adequate oxygenation. Administering albuterol, positioning in high-Fowler, or deep-breathing exercises are not appropriate as they do not address the acute airway compromise.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Ethambutol. Ethambutol is not used in the treatment of inhalation anthrax. The treatment of choice for inhalation anthrax is a combination of antibiotics such as ciprofloxacin, doxycycline, and sometimes vancomycin. Ethambutol is primarily used in the treatment of tuberculosis, not anthrax. It is important for the nurse to be knowledgeable about the appropriate medications for specific conditions to provide effective care.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. Applying an immobilization device after physician evaluation helps stabilize the rib and reduce pain. B (discouraging deep breaths) is harmful as it can lead to atelectasis. C (advising against analgesics) is incorrect because pain management is essential. D (increasing fluid intake) is secondary and depends on the presence of pulmonary complications.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In this scenario, option D is the correct answer for the nursing assistant to follow when assisting a client with activities of daily living (ADLs). Using a rectal thermometer to attain a more accurate body temperature is crucial because rectal temperature is considered the most accurate reflection of core body temperature. This is especially important in clients with respiratory issues as changes in body temperature can indicate infection or other health concerns that need immediate attention. The other options (A, B, C) are incorrect for the following reasons: - Option A: Using a lift sheet when moving and positioning the client in bed is important for preventing injury and ensuring proper body mechanics, but it is not directly related to respiratory care. - Option B: Using an electric razor when shaving the client daily is a good practice for skin care but does not directly impact respiratory health. - Option C: Using a soft-bristled toothbrush or tooth sponge for oral care is important for maintaining oral hygiene but is not specifically related to respiratory care. Educationally, it is essential for nursing assistants to understand the rationale behind each task they perform when caring for clients, especially those with respiratory issues. By knowing why certain actions are taken, they can provide better holistic care and contribute to the overall well-being of the client. In this case, accurate body temperature measurement is crucial for monitoring the client's health status, particularly in respiratory conditions where even minor changes can be significant indicators of potential complications.