TSH:

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. TSH stands for Thyroid Stimulating Hormone. 2. TSH is secreted by the anterior pituitary gland. 3. It stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroid hormones, not calcitonin. 4. It is not secreted by the neurohypophysis or stimulate the hypothalamus to secrete TRH. Therefore, choice D is correct as it accurately describes the function and origin of TSH.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because oxytocin is not a hormone of the anterior pituitary gland; it is produced in the hypothalamus and stored in the posterior pituitary. ACTH, prolactin, and TSH are indeed hormones secreted by the anterior pituitary gland. Choice B is incorrect because cortisol and aldosterone are steroid hormones produced by the adrenal glands, not the gonads. Testosterone is a hormone produced by the gonads. Choice C is correct as estrogen, progesterone, and testosterone are indeed secretions of the gonads - estrogen and progesterone from the ovaries and testosterone from the testes. Choice D is incorrect because calcitonin is a hormone secreted by the thyroid gland, but T3 and T4 are thyroid hormones, not hormones secreted by the thyroid gland.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, Glucocorticoid, mineralocorticoid, and androgen. Glucocorticoid is involved in sugar metabolism, mineralocorticoid in salt balance, and androgen in sex hormone regulation. Epinephrine, norepinephrine, and adrenaline (A) are related to the fight-or-flight response. Glucagon, insulin, and thymosin (B) are involved in metabolic regulation and immune responses. ICSH, FSH, and LH (C) are reproductive hormones. So, the correct answer D is the only set that includes hormones directly related to sugar, salt, and sex.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why choice B is correct: 1. Growth hormone, cortisol, and epinephrine all raise blood glucose levels. 2. Growth hormone promotes glucose production, cortisol increases blood sugar through gluconeogenesis, and epinephrine stimulates glycogen breakdown. 3. The increase in blood glucose is essential for providing energy during stress or physical activity. 4. None of the other choices align with all three hormones' functions, making choice B the correct answer. Summary: Choices A and D are incorrect because not all three hormones are secreted by the adrenal glands or are steroids. Choice C is incorrect as these hormones do not suppress gluconeogenesis; instead, they promote processes that raise blood glucose levels.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because iodine is essential for the synthesis of thyroid hormones such as thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) in the thyroid gland. These hormones play a crucial role in regulating metabolism and growth. Choice A is incorrect because the adenohypophysis produces TSH, not iodine. Choice B is incorrect because calcitonin is produced by the parafollicular cells of the thyroid gland and does not require iodine for its synthesis. Choice D is incorrect because PTH (parathyroid hormone) is produced by the parathyroid glands and does not require iodine for its synthesis.