Trends that have contributed to the recent increase in eating disorders in the United States include a(n):

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: focus on being thin as a measure of attractiveness. This is because societal pressures and media influence have placed a strong emphasis on thinness as the ideal body type, leading to increased body dissatisfaction and disordered eating behaviors. Option A (more competitive workplace) and B (increase in the number of divorces) are not directly linked to eating disorders, while option D (increase in the number of nonnutritional foods consumed) may contribute to health issues but not specifically to eating disorders. In conclusion, the societal focus on thinness has a significant impact on the rise of eating disorders in the United States.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: A selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI). SSRIs are commonly used in treating bulimia nervosa due to their effectiveness in reducing binge eating and purging behaviors. They work by increasing serotonin levels in the brain, which helps regulate mood and appetite control. A nurse would develop a patient education program for SSRIs to explain their mechanism of action, potential side effects, how to take them correctly, and the importance of compliance. Summary: - Lithium is not typically used for bulimia nervosa and is more commonly used for bipolar disorder. - Acamprosate is used for alcohol dependence, not bulimia nervosa. - Benzodiazepines are not indicated for bulimia nervosa and are typically used for anxiety disorders or insomnia.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In the context of age-specific care competency, understanding the prevalence of eating disorders in different populations is essential for providing appropriate care. In Singapore, the most common eating disorder seen in patients presenting to the hospital is Anorexia Nervosa. This disorder is characterized by extreme food restriction leading to significantly low body weight, intense fear of gaining weight, and a distorted body image. Anorexia Nervosa is the correct answer because it has a higher prevalence compared to other eating disorders in Singapore. Understanding the specific demographics and cultural factors influencing the prevalence of eating disorders in a region is crucial for healthcare providers to effectively identify, assess, and treat patients. Bulimia Nervosa, characterized by episodes of binge eating followed by compensatory behaviors like purging, is less common in Singapore compared to Anorexia Nervosa. Binge-Eating Disorder, involving recurrent episodes of consuming large quantities of food without purging, is also less prevalent in this population. ARFID (Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder) is another eating disorder, but it is typically seen more in children than in adults in Singapore. Educationally, it is important for healthcare professionals to be aware of the prevalence rates of different eating disorders in their specific population to provide targeted care and interventions. By understanding the nuances of eating disorder presentation in different age groups and cultures, healthcare providers can offer more effective support and treatment to patients struggling with these conditions.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In the case of a depressed adolescent with panic attacks, prescribing Lorazepam (Option D) would not be recommended by a Family Doctor. Lorazepam is a benzodiazepine commonly used for short-term relief of anxiety symptoms but is not typically recommended for adolescents due to the risk of dependence, misuse, and potential for adverse effects on adolescent brain development. Sertraline (Option A) is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) commonly prescribed for depression and anxiety disorders in adolescents. It is considered safe and effective in this population. Amitriptyline (Option B) is a tricyclic antidepressant that is generally not the first choice for adolescents due to its side effect profile and potential for toxicity in overdose. Propranolol (Option C) is a beta-blocker that can be used to manage physical symptoms of anxiety such as palpitations and tremors, but it is not a first-line treatment for depression or panic attacks in adolescents. Educationally, it is important for healthcare professionals to be aware of the appropriate pharmacological interventions for different age groups, taking into consideration factors such as safety, efficacy, and potential risks associated with each medication. In the case of adolescents with depression and panic attacks, a comprehensive assessment and individualized treatment plan involving psychotherapy, lifestyle modifications, and appropriate medication selection are crucial for optimal outcomes.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In the context of age-specific care and dealing with clients with Paraphiliac sexual disorders, the correct answer is A) Other covert or overt emotional issues. Clients with Paraphiliac disorders often have underlying emotional issues that contribute to their condition. Understanding and addressing these emotional factors is crucial in providing effective care for these clients. Option B) Gonadal and pituitary hormone deficiencies is incorrect because Paraphiliac disorders are primarily psychological in nature and not typically linked to hormonal imbalances. Option C) An inadequate physical development of the sex organs is incorrect as Paraphiliac disorders are not caused by physical developmental issues but rather by psychological factors. Option D) A poor adjustment due to association with society's fringe groups is incorrect as it does not directly address the underlying emotional issues that are commonly associated with Paraphiliac disorders. In an educational context, understanding the emotional aspects of Paraphiliac disorders is essential for healthcare providers working with clients who have these conditions. By recognizing and addressing these emotional issues, healthcare professionals can provide more holistic and effective care for their clients. This knowledge is particularly important in age-specific care where understanding the psychological aspects of disorders is crucial for providing appropriate and sensitive care to clients of different age groups.