Treatment of the patient with appendicitis includes

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In the treatment of a patient with appendicitis, the correct option is C) Surgical removal of appendix. This is the gold standard treatment for appendicitis to prevent complications such as rupture and peritonitis. Option A) Transfusion to replace blood loss is not typically indicated as the primary treatment for appendicitis. While blood loss can occur if the appendix ruptures, transfusion is a supportive measure and not a definitive treatment. Option B) Bowel preparation for cleansing is not a standard treatment for appendicitis. Bowel preparation is more commonly used before certain procedures like colonoscopy or surgery in other parts of the intestines. Option D) Medications to lower pH within the stomach are not effective in treating appendicitis, as the condition involves inflammation of the appendix rather than the stomach lining. Educationally, it is crucial for healthcare providers to understand the appropriate management of appendicitis to provide timely and effective care to patients. Surgical removal of the appendix, known as an appendectomy, is essential to prevent complications and resolve the underlying issue. This knowledge helps ensure optimal patient outcomes and highlights the importance of evidence-based practice in medical-surgical care.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In the Operating Room (OR), the circulating nurse is the member of the surgical team who does not scrub in. The circulating nurse plays a crucial role in ensuring the smooth functioning of the surgical procedure by managing the overall flow of the OR, obtaining additional supplies or equipment as needed, documenting the procedure, and maintaining communication between the OR team and other areas of the hospital. The surgeon (option A) is directly involved in the surgery and must scrub in to maintain a sterile environment. The scrub nurse or surgical tech (option C) assists the surgeon during the procedure and is responsible for maintaining the sterile field. The holding area nurse (option D) cares for the patient before they are taken into the OR and is not a member of the surgical team in the OR. Understanding the roles of each member of the surgical team is essential for providing safe and effective patient care in the perioperative setting. Educating healthcare professionals on these roles ensures that they can work collaboratively and efficiently to deliver optimal patient outcomes during surgical procedures.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In the case of a patient diagnosed with deep vein thrombosis (DVT), the first intervention should be to monitor platelet counts daily (Option C). This is the correct answer because DVT involves the formation of blood clots in deep veins, which can lead to serious complications like pulmonary embolism. Monitoring platelet counts is crucial in managing DVT as platelets are involved in the formation of blood clots. By monitoring platelet counts, healthcare providers can assess the risk of clot formation and adjust treatment accordingly. Option A, applying ice packs, is incorrect because cold therapy is not recommended for DVT as it can potentially worsen the condition by constricting blood vessels. Option B, increasing dietary intake of vitamin K, is also incorrect as vitamin K promotes blood clotting and can exacerbate DVT. Option D, using warm soaks, is not the initial intervention for DVT as warmth can increase blood flow and potentially dislodge a clot, leading to complications. In an educational context, understanding the rationale behind the correct intervention for DVT is essential for nurses and healthcare professionals to provide safe and effective care to patients with this condition. Monitoring platelet counts helps in early detection of changes that may indicate an increased risk of clot formation, allowing for timely interventions and prevention of complications.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In the context of adult medical surgical care, a paralytic ileus is a condition characterized by the temporary cessation of normal bowel motility. The correct answer, A) Intravenous fluid replacement and a nasogastric tube connected to suction, is appropriate for managing this condition. Intravenous fluids help maintain hydration and electrolyte balance, while a nasogastric tube connected to suction helps decompress the bowel and reduce abdominal distension caused by gas and fluid accumulation. Option B) Surgical correction of the problem is not the first-line treatment for a paralytic ileus. Surgery is usually reserved for cases where complications like bowel perforation or ischemia occur. Option C) Endoscopic injection of botulinum toxin or esophageal dilation is not indicated for a paralytic ileus, as these interventions are more commonly used for conditions like achalasia or esophageal strictures. Option D) Endoscopy to allow biopsy followed by broad-spectrum antibiotics is not the standard management for a paralytic ileus. Biopsy and antibiotics are usually not indicated unless specific infectious or inflammatory conditions are suspected. Educationally, understanding the appropriate management of a paralytic ileus is crucial for nurses and healthcare providers caring for patients with this condition. Recognizing the signs and symptoms of a paralytic ileus and knowing the appropriate interventions can help prevent complications and promote optimal patient outcomes.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is D) Decreased oxygen-carrying capability of the blood. Anemia is a condition characterized by a decreased number of red blood cells or hemoglobin in the blood, leading to reduced oxygen-carrying capacity. This results in fatigue because the body's tissues and organs do not receive an adequate supply of oxygen to function optimally. Option A) Destruction of red blood cells (hemolysis) is not the primary cause of fatigue in anemia. While hemolysis can lead to anemia, the underlying issue is the decreased oxygen-carrying capability of the blood. Option B) Paleness of the skin is a symptom of anemia due to decreased oxygen levels in the blood, but it does not directly explain why the patient is fatigued. Option C) Lack of nutritional intake of essential nutrients like iron or B12 can lead to certain types of anemia, but the root cause of fatigue in anemia is the decreased oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood. Educationally, understanding the relationship between anemia and fatigue is crucial for healthcare providers to effectively educate patients about their condition. By knowing the underlying mechanisms of anemia-related fatigue, nurses can provide appropriate interventions and support to help manage the patient's symptoms and improve their quality of life.