ATI RN
Nursing Care of the Newborn Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
Transient tachypnea of the neonate develops due to what pathophysiologic phenomenon?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because transient tachypnea of the neonate is primarily caused by the failure to clear lung fluid by the usual mechanism. During birth, the baby may not expel the lung fluid properly, leading to respiratory distress. This results in rapid breathing (tachypnea) due to the retained fluid in the lungs. The other choices are incorrect as they do not directly relate to the pathophysiology of transient tachypnea. Choice B involves the heart (patent ductus arteriosus), choice C relates to insufficient surfactant production seen in respiratory distress syndrome, and choice D mentions meconium aspiration syndrome, which is a different condition caused by the aspiration of meconium into the lungs, not related to the failure to clear lung fluid.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse recommends skin-to-skin contact immediately following the birth of a newborn because it reduces what type of heat loss?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: evaporation. Skin-to-skin contact reduces evaporative heat loss by preventing the newborn's skin from losing heat through evaporation of amniotic fluid. This is effective in helping the baby maintain a stable body temperature. Radiation (A), convection (B), and conduction (C) are other types of heat loss that are not specifically addressed by skin-to-skin contact immediately after birth.
Question 3 of 5
At birth, a newborn weighed 6 pounds, 12 ounces. Three days later, the newborn weighs 5 pounds, 10 ounces. What conclusion should the nurse draw regarding this newborn's weight?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: This weight loss is excessive. The newborn's weight decreased from 6 lbs 12 oz to 5 lbs 10 oz in just three days, indicating a significant loss. A newborn typically loses around 5-10% of their birth weight in the first few days. This weight loss exceeds the expected range, suggesting potential issues like inadequate feeding or dehydration. Choices A and B are incorrect because the weight loss is not within normal limits, and weight gain is not observed. Choice D is incorrect as there is no weight gain, let alone excessive weight gain.
Question 4 of 5
What condition can result from a long, difficult labor and is characterized by a localized, soft area on the newborn's head?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: caput succedaneum. This condition occurs due to pressure on the baby's head during a long and difficult labor. It is characterized by a soft, localized swelling on the newborn's head. The other choices are incorrect. B: molding refers to the shaping of the baby's head during passage through the birth canal. C: depressed fontanelles indicate dehydration or malnutrition. D: cephalohematoma is a collection of blood between the baby's skull and periosteum, usually due to birth trauma.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse notices that a 6-hour-old newborn patient's urethral opening is on the dorsal side of the penis. The nurse knows that this is called what?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: epispadias. In epispadias, the urethral opening is located on the dorsal side of the penis. This condition is a congenital anomaly where the urethra fails to fully close during fetal development. Hypospadias (choice A) is when the urethral opening is on the underside of the penis. Phimosis (choice C) is the inability to retract the foreskin. Unispadias (choice D) is not a recognized medical term. Therefore, the nurse correctly identifies the condition as epispadias due to the specific presentation of the urethral opening on the dorsal side of the penis in the 6-hour-old newborn patient.