Tranexamic acid is an analog of aminocapronic acid. It’s:

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Tranexamic acid is structurally similar to aminocaproic acid, making it an analog. This similarity allows tranexamic acid to competitively inhibit the activation of plasminogen to plasmin, effectively reducing fibrinolysis. Therefore, the statement is TRUE. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because tranexamic acid is indeed an analog of aminocaproic acid, making them mutually exclusive options.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors. These drugs inhibit the enzyme that breaks down bradykinin, leading to its accumulation. Ganglioblockers (A) and Alfa-adrenoblockers (B) do not directly affect bradykinin metabolism. Diuretics (D) primarily act on sodium and water balance, not bradykinin metabolism. In summary, C is correct as ACE inhibitors specifically inhibit bradykinin breakdown, while the other choices do not target this mechanism.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because all three dopamine agonists, Bromocriptine, Cabergoline, and Pergolide, are known to decrease pituitary prolactin secretion. Dopamine inhibits prolactin release from the pituitary gland, and these agonists mimic dopamine's action. Therefore, all three choices are correct. Summary: A: Bromocriptine - Decreases pituitary prolactin secretion. B: Cabergoline - Decreases pituitary prolactin secretion. C: Pergolide - Decreases pituitary prolactin secretion. All choices are correct as they are dopamine agonists that decrease pituitary prolactin secretion.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Step 1: Estrogens are required for normal sexual maturation and growth of the female. This is true as estrogens play a key role in the development of secondary sexual characteristics and growth. Step 2: Estrogens decrease the rate of resorption of bone. This is true as estrogens help maintain bone density by inhibiting bone breakdown. Step 3: Estrogens enhance the coagulability of blood. This is true as estrogens can increase clotting factors leading to enhanced blood coagulability. Step 4: Combining the above points, it is evident that all the statements are true, making choice D the correct answer. Other choices are incorrect as they do not align with the established functions of estrogens.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because aspirin can cause gastric upset, salicylism symptoms like vomiting, tinnitus, decreased hearing, and vertigo, as well as gastric ulcers and upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Aspirin is known to irritate the stomach lining, leading to gastric upset and ulcers. Salicylism symptoms are characteristic of aspirin toxicity. Gastrointestinal bleeding is a serious side effect of aspirin due to its effect on blood clotting. Choices A, B, and C individually describe common side effects of aspirin, but only choice D encompasses all the side effects associated with aspirin use.