ATI RN
Respiratory System Test Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Tracheal respiration is found in
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Tracheal respiration is a type of respiration system found in insects and millipedes. This system involves the use of tracheae, which are tiny tubes that deliver oxygen directly to tissues. Insects and millipedes have evolved this efficient respiratory system to support their high metabolic rates. Scorpions and prawns (Choice B), Pila and lobsters (Choice C), and starfish and sea cucumbers (Choice D) do not have tracheal respiration systems. Therefore, the correct answer is A.
Question 2 of 5
Hiccup is due to
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because hiccups are caused by the irritation of the phrenic nerve, which controls the diaphragm muscle responsible for breathing. When the nerve is irritated, it causes the diaphragm to contract involuntarily, leading to the characteristic sound of hiccups. Choice A (Increased inspiration) is incorrect as hiccups are not caused by increased inspiration but rather by involuntary contractions of the diaphragm. Choice C (Expanded stomach) is incorrect as hiccups are not directly related to the size of the stomach but rather to nerve irritation. Choice D (Acidity in the stomach) is incorrect as hiccups are not primarily caused by stomach acidity, but by nerve irritation leading to diaphragm contractions.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse doing rounds at the beginning of a shift notices a sputum specimen in a container sitting on the bedside table in a patient's room. The nurse asks the patient when he produced the sputum specimen and he states that the specimen is about 4 hours old. What action should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Discard the specimen and assist the patient in obtaining another specimen. It is important to discard the sputum specimen because it has been sitting for 4 hours, which could lead to contamination and inaccurate test results. The nurse should assist the patient in obtaining a fresh specimen to ensure accurate testing. Choice A is incorrect because taking the old specimen to the lab could lead to inaccurate results. Choice C is incorrect because refrigerating the old specimen won't prevent contamination. Choice D is incorrect because adding saline to the old specimen can alter its composition and lead to inaccurate test results.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse educator is reviewing the implications of the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve with regard to the case of a current patient. The patient currently has normal hemoglobin levels, but significantly decreased SaO2 and PaO2 levels. What is an implication of this physiological state?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because even though the patient has normal hemoglobin levels, the significantly decreased SaO2 and PaO2 levels indicate that the hemoglobin is not effectively carrying oxygen to the tissues. This leads to a situation where the tissue demands for oxygen may be met at baseline, but the patient will be unable to respond to physiological stressors that require increased oxygen delivery. Choice B is incorrect because it focuses on short-term oxygen needs and CO2 expulsion, which are not directly related to the implications of the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve in this case. Choice C is incorrect because decreased SaO2 and PaO2 levels would lead to tissue hypoxia, which would likely result in sensations of shortness of breath or labored breathing as the body tries to compensate for the lack of oxygen. Choice D is incorrect because decreased PaO2 levels would not lead to respiratory alkalosis. The body would likely try to compensate by increasing respiratory rate to improve oxygenation.
Question 5 of 5
Air that remains in conducting passages and doesn't participate in gas exchange is termed
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: anatomic dead space. Anatomic dead space refers to the air in the conducting passages (such as trachea, bronchi) that does not reach the alveoli for gas exchange. This space only serves as a pathway for air to move in and out of the lungs. Vital capacity (A) is the maximum amount of air that can be exhaled after a maximum inhalation. Minimal volume (B) is not a recognized term in respiratory physiology. Residual volume (C) is the amount of air left in the lungs after a maximal exhalation and is not specifically related to the air in conducting passages.