ATI RN
Fluid Maintenance Pediatrics Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
To prevent plagiocephaly, the nurse should teach parents to:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Placing the infant prone (on their stomach) for 30 to 60 minutes per day while they are awake is an effective way to prevent plagiocephaly, which is the flattening of the back or side of an infant's head. This practice helps to alleviate pressure on one particular area of the skull and promotes balanced head growth. It is important for parents to follow safe sleep guidelines and avoid having infants sleep on their stomachs, as this position is associated with an increased risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). Therefore, the recommended practice of placing the infant prone for short periods during supervised awake time helps prevent plagiocephaly without compromising the infant's safety during sleep.
Question 2 of 5
When should the nurse expect breastfeeding-associated jaundice to first appear in a normal newborn?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Breastfeeding-associated jaundice typically first appears in a normal newborn between 2 to 4 days after birth. This type of jaundice is usually mild and is caused by insufficient milk intake, leading to decreased bilirubin elimination. It is important for healthcare providers to monitor the baby's weight and ensure adequate feeding to prevent or address breastfeeding-associated jaundice.
Question 3 of 5
Which is the most common cause of anemia in preterm newborns?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The most common cause of anemia in preterm newborns is frequent blood sampling. Preterm infants are often subject to numerous blood tests for various reasons such as monitoring oxygen and blood gas levels, assessing bilirubin levels, infection screening, and more. These repeated blood withdrawals lead to a loss of red blood cells and can contribute to the development of anemia in preterm infants. Anemia in preterm newborns can have significant consequences, including impaired growth and development, delayed hospital discharge, and the potential need for blood transfusions. Therefore, minimizing unnecessary blood sampling and utilizing non-invasive monitoring methods whenever possible are key strategies in preventing and managing anemia in preterm newborns.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assessing a preterm newborn. Which assessment findings are consistent with prematurity? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In assessing a preterm newborn, it is crucial to recognize physical characteristics that are typical of prematurity. In this case, option A, "Abundant lanugo over the body," is consistent with prematurity. Lanugo, the fine hair covering the body of a preterm infant, is a characteristic feature due to the underdeveloped skin and subcutaneous fat in premature babies. Option B, "Ear cartilage soft and pliable," is not indicative of prematurity. Soft and pliable ear cartilage is a normal finding in newborns, regardless of gestational age. Option C, "Flexed body posture," is commonly seen in preterm newborns due to their decreased muscle tone and immature nervous system. This posture reflects their intrauterine positioning and is a sign of prematurity. Option D, "Deep creases on the sole of the foot," are more commonly seen in full-term infants rather than preterm newborns. Full-term infants tend to have well-defined creases on the soles of their feet due to the normal maturation process during gestation. Understanding these physical characteristics is vital for healthcare professionals working with preterm infants as it helps in accurate assessment, monitoring, and providing appropriate care tailored to the specific needs of these vulnerable newborns.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is taking a sexual history on an adolescent girl. Which is the best way to determine whether she is sexually active?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The best way to determine whether an adolescent girl is sexually active is to ask her directly, "Are you sexually active?" This question is concise, clear, and non-judgmental, allowing the girl to provide a straightforward answer. It is important to create a safe and open environment for discussing sexual health, and using direct language helps ensure accurate communication. Asking about specific partners (options B and C) may lead to confusion or misinterpretation, and involving the parent (option D) without the girl's consent may violate her privacy and autonomy. Therefore, direct communication with the adolescent herself is the most appropriate approach to gather information about her sexual activity.