ATI RN
Introduction to Professional Nursing Questions
Question 1 of 5
To prepare a patient for a thoracentesis, the nurse should:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Ask the patient to sign a consent form for the procedure. This step is crucial to ensure that the patient understands the risks and benefits of the thoracentesis procedure and gives informed consent. Signing a consent form also protects both the patient and the healthcare provider legally. A: Reminding the patient to eat or drink nothing for six hours before the procedure is not necessary for a thoracentesis, as it is not typically a procedure that requires fasting. C: Positioning the patient on the side of the bed leaning over the bedside table is not correct for a thoracentesis procedure. The patient should be sitting upright or slightly leaning forward to facilitate the procedure. D: Pulling the privacy curtain and dimming the lights of the room are not essential steps for preparing a patient for a thoracentesis. These actions are more related to creating a comfortable and private environment but are not directly related to the procedure itself.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is setting an infusion pump to deliver 4 mcg/kg/min of a medication to a patient who weighs 50 kg. How many micrograms should the patient receive in one hour?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: To determine the correct answer, we first calculate the total micrograms the patient should receive in one hour. 1. Multiply the patient's weight (50 kg) by the infusion rate (4 mcg/kg/min) to get the total micrograms/min: 50 kg * 4 mcg/kg/min = 200 mcg/min. 2. To find the total micrograms in one hour, multiply the micrograms/min by 60 minutes: 200 mcg/min * 60 min = 12000 mcg. Therefore, the patient should receive 12,000 micrograms in one hour, making choice C the correct answer. Explanation for incorrect choices: A: 200 - This is the total micrograms per minute, not for the whole hour. B: 1200 - This is close to the correct answer, but it doesn't account for the full hour. D: 0 - This is incorrect as the patient should receive medication over the hour.
Question 3 of 5
To perform postural drainage on a patient, the nurse should:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because performing postural drainage before the client takes his meal helps prevent aspiration during the procedure. Aspiration can occur if the patient has recently eaten, increasing the risk of food or liquid entering the lungs. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because drinking water before the procedure, suctioning the patient, or asking about comfort positions are not directly related to preventing aspiration during postural drainage.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse assesses a stage III pressure ulcer. The nurse has observed which of the following?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because a stage III pressure ulcer is characterized by an open wound with subcutaneous tissue exposed. This indicates significant tissue damage, making it a distinguishing feature of a stage III ulcer. Choice A is incorrect because redness that persists when pressure is relieved is indicative of a stage I pressure ulcer. Choice C is incorrect as it describes a stage IV ulcer, not stage III. Choice D is incorrect as it describes a stage II ulcer, not stage III.
Question 5 of 5
A patient on I. V. heparin should have which of the following laboratory values monitored closely to determine whether the therapeutic range is maintained?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Partial Thromboplastin Time (PTT). PTT measures the effectiveness of heparin as it reflects the clotting time. Monitoring PTT ensures the therapeutic range of heparin is maintained to prevent clotting or bleeding. Hemoglobin (A) monitors anemia, INR (B) is used to monitor Warfarin therapy, and Prothrombin Time (D) is used for monitoring Warfarin therapy, not heparin.