To improve Mr. Puff’s breathing pattern, the nurse can

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is D) Teach him pursed-lip breathing. Pursed-lip breathing is a technique that helps improve breathing efficiency by reducing airway collapse during exhalation, maintaining positive pressure in the airways, and promoting oxygenation. This technique is particularly beneficial for patients with respiratory conditions like COPD, as it helps control breathing rate, decrease shortness of breath, and improve oxygen exchange. Option A) Encouraging coughing and deep breathing may be helpful in some situations to clear secretions and promote lung expansion, but it does not specifically address Mr. Puff's breathing pattern issue. Option B) Providing nasal O₂ at 6 L/min may improve oxygenation but does not directly address the breathing pattern concern. Option C) Sitting him in a chair may help with comfort and lung expansion but does not target the specific breathing pattern concern. Educationally, understanding and teaching patients techniques like pursed-lip breathing is crucial for nurses in managing respiratory issues effectively. By selecting the correct answer, nurses can improve patient outcomes, enhance comfort, and promote optimal respiratory function.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In the case of Ms. Weeze experiencing an acute asthmatic attack, the highest priority goal is to relieve bronchial spasm, which is option D. This is because during an acute attack, the primary concern is to address the immediate physiological issue causing distress and potential harm to the patient, which in this case is the bronchial constriction leading to breathing difficulties. By relieving bronchial spasm, the patient's airways can open up, allowing for improved breathing and oxygenation, which is crucial in managing an asthma attack. Option A, preventing future attacks, while important for long-term management of asthma, is not the priority during an acute attack where immediate relief is needed. Option B, maintaining a quiet, restful environment, is also important but not as critical as addressing the bronchial spasm itself. Option C, observing for signs of drug toxicity, is not the immediate priority during an acute asthmatic attack where the focus is on managing the respiratory distress. Educationally, understanding the priority interventions in managing acute asthma attacks is crucial for healthcare providers to provide timely and effective care to patients experiencing such emergencies. It highlights the importance of triaging and addressing the most critical aspect of a patient's condition to ensure positive outcomes and prevent complications.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In the context of pharmacology and respiratory health, the correct answer to the question is D) Cigarette smoking. Cigarette smoking is a major risk factor for the development of respiratory diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), lung cancer, and emphysema. Smoking damages the respiratory system by causing inflammation, narrowing of airways, and destruction of lung tissue, leading to breathing difficulties and decreased lung function. Avoiding cigarette smoking is crucial in preventing respiratory diseases because it is the single most preventable cause of such conditions. By quitting smoking or never starting, individuals can significantly reduce their risk of developing these serious respiratory issues. Regarding the other options: A) Coal dust: While exposure to coal dust can cause respiratory problems like coal worker's pneumoconiosis (black lung disease), it is typically an occupational hazard rather than a common preventable behavior in the general population. B) Spray cans: Inhalation of chemicals from spray cans can irritate the respiratory system, but this is more of an acute risk rather than a chronic cause of respiratory diseases. C) Carbon monoxide emissions: Carbon monoxide is a toxic gas that can cause serious health issues, but it is more commonly associated with cardiovascular problems rather than respiratory diseases. Educationally, understanding the impact of lifestyle choices like smoking on respiratory health is essential for healthcare providers to educate patients on preventive measures. By providing comprehensive information on the risks associated with smoking and the benefits of cessation, healthcare professionals can empower individuals to make informed decisions to protect their respiratory well-being.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In the context of a patient who has undergone a total laryngectomy, assessing respiratory status is the priority for the nurse due to the potential risk of airway compromise and respiratory distress post-surgery. Mr. Singer's airway has been altered significantly, and any compromise in his respiratory function can lead to serious complications like hypoxia or respiratory failure. Therefore, immediate assessment of his respiratory status is crucial to ensure adequate oxygenation and ventilation. Regarding the other options: A) Assessing elimination patterns is important but not as critical as ensuring adequate breathing in the immediate postoperative period. B) Pain assessment is essential, but in this case, ensuring Mr. Singer's ability to breathe takes precedence over pain management. C) While the gag reflex is important for preventing aspiration, it is not the priority immediately following a laryngectomy where respiratory status is the main concern. This scenario highlights the importance of prioritizing assessments based on the patient's condition and the potential risks associated with the surgical procedure. Nurses need to be able to quickly identify and address life-threatening issues to provide safe and effective care to their patients, making respiratory status the priority in this case.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is B) A humidifier. When a patient undergoes a laryngectomy, as in the case of Mrs. Singer's husband, the airway is altered, leading to potential complications such as dry mucous membranes and increased risk of infection. A humidifier helps add moisture to the air, which can alleviate dryness and promote optimal airway health post-surgery. Option A) An electronic artificial larynx is not necessary in this situation as it is used to help individuals produce speech sounds after a laryngectomy, which is not the immediate concern upon the husband's return home. Option C) A television and Option D) A high-low bed are not directly related to the specific needs of a patient recovering from a laryngectomy. While entertainment and appropriate positioning are important aspects of care, in this context, the focus should be on addressing the physiological needs related to the surgery. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of understanding the specific needs of patients post-surgery and the role of supportive equipment in promoting their recovery and well-being. It emphasizes the nurse's role in providing appropriate education and guidance to patients and their families to ensure a smooth transition back home after a surgical procedure.