To evaluate a teaching plan implemented for a patient being discharged, what should the nurse do?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In pharmacology education for nursing practice, evaluating a teaching plan for a patient being discharged is crucial to ensure understanding and compliance. Option C, comparing learning outcomes with objectives, is the correct choice. This is important as it allows the nurse to assess whether the patient has met the intended goals of the teaching plan, ensuring effective education delivery. By comparing outcomes with objectives, the nurse can identify any gaps in knowledge and provide additional support if needed. Option A, documenting the plan, is essential but does not directly assess the effectiveness of the teaching. Reporting to the head nurse (option B) is necessary for communication but does not evaluate the patient's learning. Asking the family what the patient has learned (option D) may not accurately reflect the patient's understanding and could lead to misinformation. In an educational context, understanding how to evaluate teaching effectiveness is vital for nurses to ensure patients have the knowledge and skills needed for self-care post-discharge. By comparing learning outcomes with objectives, nurses can tailor their teaching strategies to meet individual patient needs effectively.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is option D: Call the physician to obtain an order for intake and output. This choice is the most appropriate because Mrs. West is experiencing restless sleep and frequent bathroom visits postoperatively, which could indicate a potential issue with her fluid balance. By monitoring her intake and output, the healthcare team can assess her fluid status and make informed decisions about her care. Option A is incorrect as providing a backrub may offer some comfort but does not address the underlying issue of fluid balance. Option B, increasing the dosage of her hypnotic, is inappropriate as it would not address the root cause of her symptoms and could potentially lead to adverse effects or masking of important clinical signs. Option C, keeping intake and output with times and amounts, is a nursing intervention that can be implemented but in this case, involving the physician to assess and manage the situation is more critical. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of recognizing and addressing changes in a patient's condition postoperatively. It emphasizes the collaboration between nurses and physicians in managing patient care effectively, especially in situations where medical interventions may be necessary to ensure patient safety and optimal outcomes. Monitoring and managing fluid balance is a crucial aspect of postoperative care, and this scenario underscores the significance of timely and appropriate interventions in such situations.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In the context of pharmacology and post-segmental resection for bronchiectasis, the most appropriate action for Mr. Jones is option A) Cough and deep breathe every 1-2 hours. This is crucial post-operatively to prevent complications such as atelectasis and pneumonia. Coughing helps clear secretions and maintains airway patency, while deep breathing aids in lung expansion and prevents respiratory complications. Option B) Limit fluid intake is incorrect as adequate hydration is important post-operatively to prevent dehydration and promote healing. Limiting fluid intake can lead to complications such as electrolyte imbalances. Option C) Lie flat in bed is incorrect as it can increase the risk of respiratory complications such as aspiration and decrease lung expansion. Proper positioning, including sitting upright or in semi-Fowler's position, promotes optimal lung function. Option D) Receive analgesia every 6 hours is incorrect as pain management is important post-operatively, but it is not the most crucial intervention in this scenario. Coughing and deep breathing take priority to prevent respiratory complications. In an educational context, understanding the rationale behind post-operative care following segmental resection for bronchiectasis is essential for nursing practice. Nurses need to prioritize interventions that promote respiratory function and prevent complications to ensure optimal patient outcomes. Ongoing assessment and patient education are also vital components of post-operative care in this context.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In tension pneumothorax, the accumulation of air in the pleural space under pressure leads to a mediastinal shift, causing potentially life-threatening complications. Option A is correct because it describes the classic signs of tension pneumothorax: diminished breath sounds on the affected side due to lung collapse, tracheal deviation away from the affected side towards the unaffected side, and hemodynamic instability manifested by decreasing blood pressure and increasing pulse rate. Option B is incorrect because the described signs are more indicative of a simple pneumothorax rather than tension pneumothorax, as tracheal deviation typically occurs towards the affected side. Option C describes findings more consistent with a pulmonary embolism rather than tension pneumothorax. Option D includes signs that are not specific to tension pneumothorax but could be seen in various respiratory or cardiovascular conditions. For nursing students, understanding these distinct clinical manifestations is crucial for prompt recognition and intervention in patients with tension pneumothorax, as timely management can be life-saving. Recognizing the unique signs and symptoms associated with tension pneumothorax is essential for providing safe and effective care to patients in acute care settings.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In the context of respiratory isolation, option A, using disposable tissues for respiratory secretions, is the correct choice for Mr. Dean's teaching plan. This practice helps prevent the spread of respiratory infections by containing potentially infectious secretions. It promotes proper infection control measures and protects both Mr. Dean and those around him. Option B, reporting allergies to the staff, is not directly related to respiratory isolation and does not address the specific precautions needed to prevent the spread of respiratory infections. Option C, asking family and friends not to visit, while a valid infection control measure in some situations, may not always be necessary or feasible. Option D, getting the patient out of bed frequently, is important for preventing complications like pressure ulcers but is not directly related to respiratory isolation practices. In an educational context, understanding the rationale behind each option helps students grasp the importance of specific infection control measures in preventing the spread of communicable diseases, especially in vulnerable populations like those in respiratory isolation. Teaching these principles equips future nurses with the knowledge and skills to provide safe and effective care for their patients.