ATI RN
Cardiovascular Drug Safety Pharmacology Questions
Question 1 of 5
To educate a patient regarding what to expect following the administration of a benzodiazepine, the nurse must understand that benzodiazepines:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: Benzodiazepines are known for their rapid onset of action, typically within 30 minutes to 1 hour after administration. Step 2: They enhance the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA's effects, leading to sedative, anxiolytic, and muscle relaxant properties. Step 3: Rapid onset of peak action aligns with the pharmacokinetics of benzodiazepines, making option A the correct answer. Summary: Option B is incorrect as benzodiazepines increase, not reduce, GABA availability. Option C is incorrect as benzodiazepines enhance, rather than diminish, GABA activity. Option D is incorrect as benzodiazepines primarily interact with GABA, not serotonin.
Question 2 of 5
According to Himmelstein, the social locus of cannabis use in the 1920s and 1930s in the United States was:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Chinese immigrants working on the transcontinental railroad. Himmelstein's research shows that during the 1920s and 1930s, cannabis use was primarily associated with Chinese immigrants who brought the practice to the United States. This is supported by historical records and cultural contexts of the time. The other choices are incorrect because white middle-class youth and Harry Anslinger were not the primary social locus for cannabis use during that period. White middle-class youth were not typically associated with cannabis use at that time, and Harry Anslinger, while influential in shaping drug policies, was not the main social group using cannabis in the 1920s and 1930s.
Question 3 of 5
A patient taking medication for depression states, “I need to stop taking my medication because it blurs my vision, and I’m making mistakes when I paint jewelry by hand.” Which response by a nurse would be most therapeutic?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Answer B is the most therapeutic response because it acknowledges the patient's concern about blurred vision and offers a practical solution to address it. By reminding the patient that blurred vision is a known side effect that will resolve shortly and suggesting the use of a magnifying glass as a temporary aid, the nurse validates the patient's experience and provides support. This response promotes open communication, reassures the patient, and empowers them to manage the side effect effectively. The other choices are incorrect because: A: Recommending ECT treatments without exploring alternative solutions or addressing the patient's concerns about medication side effects is not therapeutic. C: Suggesting a medication change without first addressing the current side effect and exploring other options does not address the patient's immediate issue. D: Recommending a sick leave as the first solution without exploring less disruptive options or addressing the patient's concerns is not therapeutic.
Question 4 of 5
A client asks the nurse, 'My wife has breast cancer. Could it be caused by too much stress?' The nurse responds with the knowledge that:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale: C is correct because stress does cause the release of factors like cortisol that suppress the immune system, potentially contributing to the development or progression of diseases like cancer. A is incorrect as stress doesn't directly cause all types of cancer. B is incorrect as research supports the link between stress and disease. D is incorrect as stress can impact the body's health.
Question 5 of 5
A patient who started taking orlistat (Xenical) 1 month ago calls the clinic to report some 'embarrassing' adverse effects. She tells the nurse that she has had episodes of 'not being able to control my bowel movements.' Which statement is true about this situation?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because orlistat works by inhibiting fat absorption. If the patient consumes high-fat meals, it can lead to increased gastrointestinal side effects like fecal incontinence. Therefore, restricting fat intake to less than 30% can help reduce these adverse effects without compromising the drug's efficacy. Choice A is incorrect because these adverse effects are not expected to diminish on their own. Choice B is incorrect as stopping the drug abruptly may not be necessary; rather, adjusting fat intake is a better approach. Choice C is incorrect as increasing fat intake would worsen the gastrointestinal side effects.