ATI RN
Adult Medical Surgical ATI Questions
Question 1 of 9
To do an effective breast self-examination, when should the woman examine her breasts?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: During the fourth to the seventh menstrual cycle day. This is because breasts are least likely to be swollen or tender during this time, allowing for a more accurate examination. Choice B is incorrect as regular monthly examinations are recommended. Choice C can be done while standing up or lying down. Choice D is incorrect as breasts may be more tender and swollen closer to the menstrual cycle, making it harder to detect abnormalities.
Question 2 of 9
Which technique facilitates interactions between the nurse and client?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Respecting personal space enhances trust and comfort during interactions.
Question 3 of 9
Which of the following would you include as risk factors for the development of skin cancer when assessing the integumentary system?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Advancing age by itself is not a risk factor. If that person has been exposed to a lot of sun there may be increased risk, but that information is not given here. There is a known genetic risk, with some cancers being seen to be present in families with low risk factors. Those with dark pigmentation develop skin cancer, but at a lower rate than those with low amounts of pigmentation. White collar jobs, which occur in offices and inside buildings, are a low risk for skin cancer.
Question 4 of 9
The nurse is caring for a client with acute pancreatitis. After pain management, which intervention should be included in the plan of care?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Encouraging coughing and deep breathing helps prevent pulmonary complications.
Question 5 of 9
Which action should the nurse take to reduce the risk of ventilator-associated pneumonia in a client with an endotracheal tube receiving mechanical ventilation?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Brush the client's teeth with a suction toothbrush every 12 hours. This is crucial in reducing the risk of ventilator-associated pneumonia as it helps prevent the buildup of bacteria in the oral cavity, which can be aspirated into the lungs. Brushing the teeth regularly maintains oral hygiene, decreasing the chances of infection. A: Positioning the head of the client's bed flat can increase the risk of aspiration and pneumonia. B: Turning the client every 4 hours is important for preventing pressure ulcers but does not directly reduce the risk of ventilator-associated pneumonia. D: Providing humidity within the ventilator tubing is important for preventing mucous plugs but does not directly address oral hygiene, which is key in preventing pneumonia.
Question 6 of 9
What is an example of a pertinent negative finding during a physical examination?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is 'Chest pain that does not radiate to the arm.' Pertinent negatives highlight clinically significant absences of expected findings, helping rule out certain conditions like cardiac ischemia.
Question 7 of 9
A client is 12 hours postoperative following colon resection. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan to reduce respiratory complications?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because splinting the incision supports coughing, which helps clear secretions and prevents respiratory complications. It is essential postoperatively to prevent atelectasis and pneumonia. Using an incentive spirometer (A) aids in lung expansion but does not directly support coughing. Ambulation (B) promotes circulation but does not address respiratory concerns. Maintaining a supine position with an abdominal binder (C) may restrict diaphragmatic movement and increase the risk of respiratory complications.
Question 8 of 9
The medical-surgical nurse, who cares for a patient newly diagnosed with cancer, observes the patient becoming angry with the physicians and nursing staff. The best approach to diffuse the emotionally charged discussion is to
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Validating emotions without dismissing them helps the patient process feelings.
Question 9 of 9
Which measures or drugs may be effective in controlling pain in the physiologic pain process stage of transduction (select all that apply)?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answers are D, Local anesthetics, distraction, and NSAIDs target the transduction stage.