To determine an adverse response to carboprost tromethamine (Hemabate), the nurse should frequently assess

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Carboprost tromethamine (Hemabate) can potentially cause pulmonary edema as an adverse effect. Therefore, frequent assessment of breath sounds is crucial to detect this complication. Monitoring temperature, lochial flow, and fundal height will not provide information about potential adverse effects of the medication.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Pressure in fetal circulation is greatest in the right atrium, allowing right-to-left shunting to bypass the lungs during intrauterine life. The pressure increases in the left atrium after birth. The liver does not filter blood during fetal life until the end. Blood bypasses the pulmonary vein during fetal life.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In pediatric respiratory nursing, understanding the risk factors for cold stress in infants is crucial. The correct answer, option B, a 36-week infant with an Apgar score of 7 to 9, is at greater risk for cold stress. Preterm infants have less subcutaneous fat and limited glycogen stores, making them more vulnerable to temperature instability and cold stress. Option A, a full-term infant delivered vaginally without complications, is less likely to experience cold stress as full-term infants have better developed thermoregulation mechanisms and more subcutaneous fat stores. Option C, a 38-week female infant delivered via cesarean birth because of cephalopelvic disproportion, may face initial challenges with temperature regulation due to the surgical delivery but is not inherently at greater risk for cold stress compared to a preterm infant. Option D, a term infant delivered vaginally with epidural anesthesia, is not necessarily at higher risk for cold stress as the mode of delivery and anesthesia type do not directly impact the infant's risk of temperature instability. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of recognizing the vulnerability of preterm infants to cold stress and the need for vigilant monitoring and intervention to maintain their thermal stability in clinical practice. Understanding these risk factors is essential for pediatric nurses to provide optimal care and promote infant well-being.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because the vastus lateralis muscle is located away from important nerves and blood vessels, making it the optimal site for injections in newborns. Gluteal muscles are not recommended until a child has been walking for at least a year. The rectus femoris muscle is closer to nerves and blood vessels, posing a greater risk. The deltoid muscle is not recommended for newborn injections.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Excessive bleeding after a circumcision is a serious concern as infants have a small total blood volume. Applying pressure to the site is the correct intervention to stop the bleeding. Continuing to observe could lead to additional blood loss. Tightening the diaper or applying petroleum jelly will not address the bleeding issue effectively.