To describe the sex composition of the population, which demographic tool may be used?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Sex ratio. The sex ratio is the number of males per 100 females in a population and is used to describe the sex composition accurately. It provides a standardized measure of the balance between males and females. Sex proportion (choice B) is not a specific demographic tool and is not commonly used for this purpose. Population pyramid (choice C) is a graphical tool that shows the age and sex distribution of a population but does not provide a precise numerical measure of the sex composition. Choice D is incorrect because not all options listed are suitable for describing the sex composition of a population.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, Swaroop's index. Swaroop's index considers the proportion of deaths in the productive age group (15-64 years) which reflects the impact of mortality on the workforce and economic productivity of a community. This statistic provides a comprehensive view of the health status of a community by focusing on the age group that contributes significantly to the economy and societal well-being. A: 1-4 year old age-specific mortality rate focuses only on a specific age group and may not provide a holistic view of the community's health status. B: Infant mortality rate only considers deaths in the first year of life and may not capture the overall health of the community. D: Crude death rate does not account for age distribution and may not accurately reflect the health status of a community.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Swaroop's index. This index is a comprehensive measure of nutritional status as it considers life expectancy, mortality rates, and age distribution. It provides a holistic view of the overall health and well-being of a population, including the impact of nutrition. A: 1-4 year old age-specific mortality rate only reflects mortality within a specific age group, not the overall nutritional status of the population. B: Proportionate mortality rate focuses on the proportion of deaths due to a specific cause, which may not directly reflect the nutritional status of the population. C: Infant mortality rate primarily measures the number of deaths of infants under one year old, which is an important indicator but does not capture the nutritional status of the entire population. In summary, Swaroop's index is the best statistic as it provides a broader perspective on the nutritional status of a population compared to the other choices.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The best method for gathering data from families with members belonging to the target population for Protein-Energy Malnutrition (PEM) in a purok is a Survey (Choice B). 1. Survey allows for targeted data collection by directly interacting with individuals to gather specific information about their nutritional status. 2. Surveys can be tailored to include questions related to the presence of PEM symptoms, dietary habits, and other relevant factors. 3. By surveying the families, you can collect first-hand information that is crucial for accurate nutritional assessment. 4. Census (Choice A) involves collecting data from all individuals in the purok, which may not be necessary for this specific purpose. 5. Record Review (Choice C) and Review of civil registry (Choice D) may not provide detailed and accurate information about PEM in the target population. Summary: Survey is the most effective method as it allows for targeted data collection directly from the families with members at risk for PEM, unlike the other methods which may

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Tally report. The monthly field health service activity report is a summary of the activities conducted during the month, including the number of patients seen, services provided, and any other relevant data. This fits the definition of a tally report, which is a type of report that summarizes numerical data. Choice B, Output report, is incorrect because an output report typically provides detailed information on specific outputs or outcomes, not just a summary of activities. Choice C, Target/client list, is incorrect because this type of report would focus on listing specific targets or clients, not overall service activities. Choice D, Individual health record, is incorrect because this pertains to the detailed medical records of individual patients, not a summary report of service activities.