ATI RN
Fundamentals Patient Safety and Wound Care Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
To combat increasing ICP in a head injury, the body utilizes this principle:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Monro-Kellie Principle. This principle states that the total intracranial volume is constant, and an increase in one component (e.g., blood, CSF, brain tissue) must be compensated by a decrease in another to maintain a stable intracranial pressure (ICP). This helps to prevent dangerous elevations in ICP, which is crucial in managing head injuries. B: Bernicke Principle is not relevant to intracranial pressure regulation. C: Fick Principle is related to cardiac output and oxygen consumption, not intracranial pressure. D: Bernoulli's Principle is about fluid dynamics, not intracranial pressure regulation.
Question 2 of 5
Principle of triage for 27 seriously injured in an aircraft accident:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why option D is correct: 1. Triage aims to maximize survivors with available resources. 2. Option D prioritizes producing the greatest number of survivors. 3. It aligns with the principle of maximizing outcomes in mass casualty situations. 4. Focusing on maximizing survivors helps allocate resources efficiently. 5. Options A, B, and C are incorrect as they do not prioritize maximizing survivors and efficient resource utilization.
Question 3 of 5
For the patient with severe traumatic brain injury profound hypocarbia should be avoided to prevent:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Cerebral vasoconstriction with diminished perfusion. Hypocarbia leads to vasoconstriction in cerebral blood vessels, reducing blood flow and potentially worsening brain injury. Respiratory alkalosis (A) is a consequence of hypocarbia but not the main concern. Metabolic acidosis (C) is not related to hypocarbia. Neurogenic pulmonary edema (D) is not directly caused by hypocarbia in traumatic brain injury.
Question 4 of 5
A 52-year-old woman sustaining 50% total body surface burns in an explosion. She has burns around the chest and both upper arms. Adequate resuscitation is initiate She is nasotracheally intubated and is being mechanically ventilate Her CarboxyHb level is 10%. Her arterial blood gas reveals PaO2 of 40mmHg, PaCO2 of 60mmHg, and pH of 7.25. Appropriate immediate management at the time is to
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: "Ensure adequate tissue perfusion." In this scenario, the patient has inhalational injury with a high CarboxyHb level and severe respiratory acidosis on ABG. Ensuring adequate tissue perfusion is crucial to prevent further tissue damage and improve oxygen delivery to tissues. Increasing fluid resuscitation (B) may worsen the respiratory status. Adding PEEP (C) may be necessary but addressing tissue perfusion is more critical. Reassessing for pneumothorax (D) is important but not the immediate priority in this case.
Question 5 of 5
Which one of the following injuries is addressed in the secondary survey?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Forearm fracture. In the secondary survey of trauma assessment, priority is given to assessing less urgent injuries such as extremity fractures. Forearm fracture falls under this category as it is not immediately life-threatening. The secondary survey focuses on a systematic head-to-toe assessment after stabilizing critical conditions in the primary survey. Choices A, B, and D require immediate attention in the primary survey due to the potential for severe bleeding, compromised circulation, and risk of internal organ injury, respectively. Therefore, these injuries are addressed before moving on to the secondary survey.