Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because it encourages open communication and allows the patient to express their experience of pain. By asking the patient to describe their pain, the nurse gathers valuable information to assess and manage the pain effectively. Choice A may assume the patient's comfort level, Choice C assumes the pain is recurring without patient input, and Choice D dismisses the patient's concerns. Overall, only Choice B promotes active listening and patient-centered care.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because it indicates a violation of the client's rights in the helping relationship. By stating "I do not have time right now to help you call your family," the nurse is disregarding the client's need for support and communication with their family, which is a fundamental aspect of patient rights. This response demonstrates a lack of empathy and neglect of the client's emotional needs during a vulnerable time. Explanation of why other choices are incorrect: B: "I am available to answer questions that you may have about your surgery." - This choice demonstrates the nurse's willingness to provide information and support, which aligns with the client's rights. C: "You seem frightened. I will stay with you until your family arrives." - This choice shows the nurse's empathy and commitment to the client's emotional well-being, respecting the client's rights. D: "Your neighbors called, and I told them that you will have surgery." - This choice shows the nurse's communication with others

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The closed question technique is used to gather specific information or facts. When a patient is being asked for specific information, using closed questions can help guide the conversation and elicit precise responses. Closed questions typically require a yes or no answer or a specific piece of information. In contrast, open-ended questions are more suitable when exploring feelings or emotions (choices B and C) or when dealing with confusion (choice D). Closed questions may not be effective when a patient is extremely anxious and unfocused, as open-ended questions may be more appropriate to allow the patient to express themselves more freely. Therefore, choice A is the correct answer because using closed questions in this scenario helps to gather precise information effectively.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because it provides a comprehensive approach to improving communication by emphasizing sensitivity, respect, and genuineness. Sensitivity shows empathy towards staff nurses, respect fosters a positive and professional environment, and genuineness builds trust. Choice B is too simplistic and may not address underlying communication issues. Choice C, while promoting empathy, is impractical and may not address communication challenges effectively. Choice D's focus on avoiding emotions overlooks the importance of emotional intelligence in effective communication. In summary, choice A encompasses key elements essential for fostering effective communication in a healthcare setting.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because collaborating with the client to develop an individualized plan of action empowers the client to take ownership of their smoking cessation journey. This approach considers the client's unique needs, preferences, and circumstances, increasing the likelihood of successful behavior change. Option A is less effective as simply advising the client to contact a quitline may not address the client's specific barriers or motivations. Option B focuses on interventions but lacks the personalized aspect that is crucial for behavior change. Option D, while important, does not directly involve the client in the decision-making process, reducing the client's engagement and investment in the cessation process.