ATI RN
Questions About the Respiratory System With Answers Questions
Question 1 of 5
Tidal volume in Man is
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A (500 ml) because tidal volume is the amount of air inhaled or exhaled during normal breathing. In an average adult man, the typical tidal volume is around 500 ml. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they represent volumes that are too high for tidal volume in a typical adult. Choice B (1500 ml) is too high and would be more in line with inspiratory reserve volume. Choice C (1200 ml) is also too high and would be closer to total lung capacity. Choice D (4500 ml) is significantly higher and would be more in line with vital capacity. Therefore, the correct answer is A (500 ml) as it aligns with the normal tidal volume during breathing.
Question 2 of 5
The Bronchial tree is connected with the brain by
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Vagus nerve. The vagus nerve is responsible for controlling the bronchial tree's smooth muscle and gland secretions, regulating breathing. It innervates the lungs and plays a crucial role in the parasympathetic control of the respiratory system. The other options (A: Trochlear nerve, B: Trigeminal nerve, C: Phrenic nerve) are not connected to the bronchial tree or involved in respiratory control.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for an elderly patient in the PACU. The patient has had a bronchoscopy, and the nurse is monitoring for complications related to the administration of lidocaine. For what complication related to the administration of large doses of lidocaine in the elderly should the nurse assess?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Confusion and lethargy. Lidocaine toxicity in the elderly can lead to central nervous system symptoms like confusion and lethargy due to impaired metabolism and clearance of the drug. The liver and kidney function decline with age, affecting lidocaine clearance. This can result in an accumulation of lidocaine leading to CNS symptoms. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as they do not directly relate to lidocaine toxicity in the elderly. Decreased urine output and hypertension may be seen with other conditions like renal failure. Headache and vision changes are not typical symptoms of lidocaine toxicity. Jaundice and elevated liver enzymes may indicate liver dysfunction but are not specific to lidocaine toxicity.
Question 4 of 5
An inflammatory response is triggered when:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because mast cells release histamine and heparin during an inflammatory response. Histamine causes vasodilation and increased vascular permeability, leading to redness and swelling. Heparin prevents blood clotting to allow immune cells to reach the site of infection. Choices A and B are incorrect because red blood cells do not release pyrogens, and T cells release cytokines, not interferon, in response to infection. Choice D is incorrect because immunosuppressants like cortisone would dampen the immune response rather than trigger an inflammatory response.
Question 5 of 5
What produces the movement labeled '2'?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step 1: The movement labeled '2' is inhalation. Step 2: During inhalation, the diaphragm contracts and moves downward. Step 3: This creates more space in the thoracic cavity, allowing the lungs to expand and fill with air. Step 4: Therefore, the correct answer is C: diaphragm contracts produces the movement labeled '2'. Summary: Choice A and B are incorrect because the rectus abdominis is not directly involved in inhalation. Choice D is incorrect because the diaphragm needs to contract to create the necessary space for inhalation.