ATI RN
Cardiovascular System Drugs Classification Questions
Question 1 of 5
Tick the unwanted effects of nitrofuranes:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because all the listed effects - nausea, vomiting, allergic reactions, and hemolytic anemia - are unwanted effects associated with nitrofuranes. Nitrofuranes are known to cause gastrointestinal upset (nausea, vomiting), allergic reactions in some individuals, and hemolytic anemia, a condition where red blood cells are destroyed faster than they can be produced. Therefore, all of the above effects are unwanted and can be caused by nitrofuranes. The other choices (A, B, C) are incorrect because they do not encompass all the possible unwanted effects associated with nitrofuranes.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following antianginal drugs would be appropriate for this patient?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: Isosorbide mononitrate is a nitrate that dilates blood vessels, reducing cardiac workload. Step 2: Patient likely has angina due to coronary artery disease, so vasodilation helps improve blood flow to heart. Step 3: Diltiazem, verapamil, and nifedipine are calcium channel blockers that may lower blood pressure and heart rate, but not specifically indicated for angina. Step 4: Diltiazem and verapamil can even worsen angina by reducing heart rate and contractility. Step 5: Nifedipine primarily dilates peripheral arteries and is not as effective for coronary artery vasodilation in angina.
Question 3 of 5
A 55-year-old woman with a long history of poorly controlled essential hypertension had recently added atenolol to her therapeutic regimen. Which of the following was most likely a primary mechanism that mediated the antihypertensive effect of atenolol in this patient?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Inhibition of epinephrine release from the adrenal medulla. Atenolol is a beta-blocker that primarily works by blocking beta-adrenergic receptors, leading to decreased release of epinephrine and norepinephrine. This results in reduced heart rate, cardiac output, and renin release, leading to decreased blood pressure. A: Dilation of large veins is not the primary mechanism of action of atenolol. It primarily affects the heart and vasculature by blocking beta-receptors. C: While atenolol does block beta receptors in the vascular wall, the primary mechanism of antihypertensive effect is through inhibition of epinephrine release. D: Atenolol does not directly affect sympathetic outflow from the vasomotor area. The main mechanism is through blocking beta-receptors and reducing catecholamine release.
Question 4 of 5
Methylxanthine drugs such as aminophylline cause which one of the following?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 5 of 5
Lidocaine is the preferred antiarrhythmic for emergency control of cardiac arrhythmias following acute myocardial infarction because
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.