Tick the synthetic vasoconstrictor having an adrenomimic effect:

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Phenylephrine. Phenylephrine is a synthetic vasoconstrictor that acts by stimulating adrenergic receptors, specifically alpha-adrenergic receptors, leading to vasoconstriction. Noradrenaline (A) and adrenaline (B) are endogenous catecholamines that also have vasoconstrictive effects but are not synthetic. Angiotensinamide (D) is not a synthetic vasoconstrictor and acts through a different mechanism involving the renin-angiotensin system. In summary, Phenylephrine is the correct choice as it is a synthetic vasoconstrictor with adrenomimetic effects, while the other options do not fit this description.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why choice C (Progesterone) is correct: 1. Progesterone is a major natural progestin produced by the corpus luteum in the ovaries. 2. It plays a crucial role in the menstrual cycle and maintaining pregnancy. 3. Estradiol (choice A), Estron (choice B), and Estriol (choice D) are all estrogens, not progestins. 4. Estradiol is a predominant estrogen in premenopausal women, while Estron and Estriol are less potent estrogens. 5. Therefore, the correct answer is choice C, Progesterone, as it is the primary natural progestin in the body.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The statement accurately describes the immune system, making choice A true. The immune system indeed consists of organs, tissues, cells, and cell products that distinguish self from nonself and combat harmful pathogens. Choice B is incorrect as the statement is true. Choice C is incorrect as it implies all choices are correct, which is not the case. Choice D is incorrect as the statement is true, so it is not "none."

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Immunosuppressive agents. Tacrolimus (FK-506) belongs to this class as it suppresses the immune system. It is commonly used in transplant patients to prevent organ rejection by inhibiting T-cell activation. Immunoglobulins (A) are antibodies produced by the immune system. Interferons (C) are signaling proteins released by cells in response to pathogens. Monoclonal antibodies (D) are antibodies produced by identical immune cells and used for targeted therapies. Therefore, the most appropriate classification for tacrolimus is as an immunosuppressive agent due to its mechanism of action and therapeutic use in modulating the immune response.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step 1: Identify the antienzyme that inhibits proteolysis. Proteolysis is the breakdown of proteins into smaller peptides or amino acids by proteolytic enzymes. Step 2: Contrical is a proteolysis inhibitor that specifically inhibits trypsin, a digestive enzyme that breaks down proteins in the small intestine. Step 3: Sulbactam is a beta-lactamase inhibitor used in combination with antibiotics to prevent bacterial resistance. Step 4: Aminocaproic acid is a fibrinolysis inhibitor used to prevent excessive blood clot breakdown. Step 5: Disulfiram is an alcohol deterrent that inhibits aldehyde dehydrogenase, not proteolysis. Summary: Contrical (Choice A) is the correct answer as it directly inhibits a proteolytic enzyme involved in protein breakdown. Sulbactam, aminocaproic acid, and disulfiram do not target proteolysis enzymes.