Tick the drug belonging to antibiotics-aminoglycosides:

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Gentamycin. Aminoglycosides are a class of antibiotics that inhibit bacterial protein synthesis. Gentamycin falls under this class due to its mechanism of action. Erythromycin (A) is a macrolide antibiotic, Vancomycin (C) is a glycopeptide antibiotic, and Polymyxin (D) is a polypeptide antibiotic. These antibiotics do not belong to the aminoglycosides class, making them incorrect choices.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Rimantadine. Rimantadine is used for the prevention and treatment of influenza A virus infections. It works by inhibiting the replication of the virus. Choice A, Acyclovir, is used for herpes virus infections, not influenza. Choice C, Saquinavir, is an antiretroviral drug used for HIV, not influenza. Choice D, Foscarnet, is used to treat certain viral infections like CMV and herpes, but not for influenza A prevention. Rimantadine specifically targets influenza A virus, making it the correct choice for this question.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Verapamil. Verapamil is a calcium channel blocker used for hypertension and arrhythmias. It can cause constipation as a side effect, which matches the patient's symptoms. Propranolol (A) can cause diarrhea. Diltiazem (C) and nitroglycerin (D) are less likely to cause constipation compared to verapamil.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Amiodarone. Amiodarone is commonly used intravenously for various cardiac arrhythmias due to its broad-spectrum antiarrhythmic effects. It is effective in treating ventricular and supraventricular arrhythmias. Quinidine (A) is not commonly used intravenously due to potential side effects. Verapamil (C) is a calcium channel blocker mainly used for supraventricular arrhythmias but is not typically given intravenously. Propranolol (D) is a beta-blocker, which is not the first choice for intravenous treatment of arrhythmias compared to Amiodarone.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In this question concerning drugs used in asthma that often cause tachycardia and tremor, the correct answer is D) Metaproterenol. Metaproterenol is a beta-2 adrenergic agonist bronchodilator that stimulates beta-2 receptors in the lungs, leading to bronchodilation. However, as a non-selective beta agonist, it can also stimulate beta-1 receptors in the heart, causing tachycardia (increased heart rate) and tremor as side effects. Now, let's analyze why the other options are incorrect: A) Beclomethasone is a corticosteroid inhaler used for long-term control of asthma symptoms by reducing inflammation in the airways. It does not typically cause tachycardia or tremor. B) Cromolyn sodium is a mast cell stabilizer that helps prevent asthma attacks by reducing inflammation. It does not have direct effects on heart rate or tremor. C) Ipratropium is an anticholinergic bronchodilator that works by blocking acetylcholine receptors in the airways, leading to bronchodilation. It does not commonly cause tachycardia or tremor. Educational context: Understanding the side effects of medications used in asthma treatment is crucial for healthcare professionals to provide safe and effective care to patients. It is important to be aware of the specific adverse effects of each drug to monitor and manage them appropriately. Knowledge of pharmacology helps in making informed decisions regarding treatment regimens and patient outcomes.