ATI RN
Questions About the Nervous System Questions
Question 1 of 5
This multilayered lipid and protein covering, formed by Schwann cells and oligodendrocytes, around axons of many peripheral and central nervous system neurons.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The myelin sheath, formed by Schwann cells (PNS) and oligodendrocytes (CNS), insulates axons for faster conduction. Nerve is broader, neuroblastoma is a tumor, and neurons are cells.
Question 2 of 5
One of a variety of molecules within axon terminals that are released into the synaptic cleft in response to a nerve impulse and that change the membrane potential of the postsynaptic neuron.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A neurotransmitter is released from axon terminals into the synaptic cleft, altering postsynaptic membrane potential. Epinephrine is a hormone, neurology is a field, and sympathetic is a system.
Question 3 of 5
Neuron that conducts impulses from the brain toward the spinal cord or out of the brain and spinal cord into cranial or spinal nerves to effectors that may be either muscles or glands.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Motor neurons (efferent) carry signals from the CNS to effectors (muscles, glands). Synapse is a junction, interneurons connect neurons, and sensory neurons are afferent.
Question 4 of 5
A graded potential that makes the membrane potential more negative, inhibiting an action potential.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A hyperpolarizing graded potential (e.g., IPSP) makes the membrane more negative, reducing the likelihood of an action potential. Depolarizing is excitatory, others are incorrect terms.
Question 5 of 5
The effectors of the body include
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Effectors are tissues that respond to neural signals, such as glands (secreting hormones) and muscles. Cranial nerves and spinal cord are neural, and the brain is CNS.