ATI RN
ATI Capstone Pharmacology Assessment 1 Questions
Question 1 of 5
This is the basis for calculation of infant dose in Clark's Rule :
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In Clark's Rule, the basis for calculating the infant dose is weight. This is because weight is a crucial factor in determining the appropriate dosage for infants. Adjusting the dose based on weight helps in ensuring that the medication is administered safely and effectively. Infants have different proportions of body weight compared to older children and adults, which can influence how medications are metabolized in their bodies. Therefore, using weight as the basis for dosage calculation in Clark's Rule helps in providing a more accurate and individualized dose for infants.
Question 2 of 5
A patient is experiencing mucositis (stomatitis) after receiving chemotherapy. Which symptomatic treatments will be appropriate? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Mucositis, or stomatitis, is a painful inflammation of the mucous membranes caused by chemotherapy. Frequent mouth rinses with saline or baking soda solutions help keep the mouth clean and promote healing. Topical anesthetics, such as lidocaine, can provide pain relief. Stress reduction techniques, such as relaxation or mindfulness, may help manage the discomfort associated with mucositis. Antiemetics are used to control nausea and vomiting, which are not directly related to mucositis. Antibiotics are only necessary if there is a secondary infection, which is not mentioned in this scenario.
Question 3 of 5
Which drug concentration is appropriate to administer in an order for epinephrine 0.3 mg IM to treat a severe allergic reaction in an adult patient?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The appropriate concentration for epinephrine 0.3 mg IM in an adult for a severe allergic reaction is 1:1000. This concentration is used for intramuscular administration, while 1:10,000 (A) is used for intravenous administration in cardiac arrest. Concentrations of 1:100 (C) and 1:10 (D) are not standard for this purpose.
Question 4 of 5
For the patient taking acetaminophen, what should the nurse do? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Acetaminophen is metabolized in the liver, and excessive doses can lead to hepatotoxicity. Routine monitoring of liver enzymes is essential to detect early signs of liver damage. Patients should also be educated to check the acetaminophen content in over-the-counter medications to avoid accidental overdose. Reporting side effects promptly is crucial, as acetaminophen toxicity can cause severe and potentially fatal liver damage. While oral contraceptives can affect drug metabolism, they do not significantly increase the effects of acetaminophen. Therefore, the correct actions are to monitor liver enzymes, educate about over-the-counter medications, and report side effects.
Question 5 of 5
Serious adverse effects of oral contraceptives include:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Thromboembolic complications, such as deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, are serious adverse effects of oral contraceptives. These occur due to the estrogen component, which increases the risk of blood clots. While headaches, dizziness, and breakthrough bleeding are common side effects, they are not as severe as thromboembolic events.