This is not a function of insulin

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Insulin lowers blood glucose by promoting glycogenesis (glucose to glycogen) and lipogenesis (fat synthesis) while inhibiting glycogenolysis (glycogen breakdown). Gluconeogenesis (glucose from non-carbs) is not an insulin function it's suppressed by insulin and stimulated by glucagon. This distinction is key: insulin drives storage, not glucose production, critical for post-meal glucose clearance. Misidentifying gluconeogenesis as an insulin role confuses its anabolic nature with catabolic processes, vital for NEET-level understanding of metabolic regulation.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Adrenaline (epinephrine), from the adrenal medulla, is a catecholamine derived from tyrosine, not cholesterol, acting rapidly via cell membrane receptors. Estrogen, cortisone, and testosterone, from gonads or adrenal cortex, are steroid hormones, cholesterol-based, penetrating cells to alter gene expression. Adrenaline's amino acid origin and fast, non-genomic action contrast with steroids' lipid-derived, slower nuclear effects, distinguishing it in endocrine classification, vital for understanding hormone mechanisms.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Hypersecretion of growth hormone (GH) post-epiphyseal closure (adulthood) causes acromegaly, enlarging bones (e.g., hands, jaw) without lengthening, due to fused growth plates. Myxedema is hypothyroidism's effect, slowing metabolism. Addison's disease is adrenal insufficiency. Gigantism occurs pre-closure from GH excess, increasing height. Acromegaly's adult-onset bone thickening distinguishes it, key to endocrine pathology, unlike metabolic or pre-pubertal conditions.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Epinephrine, from the adrenal medulla, mimics sympathetic activation, raising heart rate, dilating pupils, and mobilizing glucose, akin to fight-or-flight. Cortisol, a glucocorticoid, manages chronic stress and metabolism, not acute sympathetic effects. Androgens (e.g., testosterone) drive sex traits, not sympathetic. Aldosterone regulates electrolytes, not mimicking neural responses. Epinephrine's rapid, catecholamine-driven action distinguishes it, critical for acute stress, unlike slower or unrelated hormones.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Negative feedback, like cortisol inhibiting ACTH, works by reducing hypothalamic releasing factor (e.g., CRH) secretion, decreasing pituitary output. Stimulating releasing factors increases pituitary hormones, opposite to feedback. Inhibiting an inhibiting factor (e.g., dopamine for prolactin) raises secretion, not shuts it off. 'All' overcomplicates only releasing factor inhibition fits most (e.g., TSH, ACTH). This mechanism distinguishes it, key to endocrine regulation, unlike stimulatory or mixed effects.