ATI RN
Pharmacology ATI Practice Exam 1 Questions
Question 1 of 9
This is an act to promote and ensure the production of an adequate supply, distribution, use and acceptance of the drug identified by their generic names is the:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Republic Act 6675, known as the Generics Act of 1988, is the act in the Philippines that promotes and ensures the production of an adequate supply, distribution, use, and acceptance of drugs identified by their generic names. The main goal of this act is to make quality generic medicines more accessible and affordable to the public. By encouraging the use of generic drugs, R.A 6675 aims to provide Filipinos with more affordable options for their healthcare needs while maintaining the quality and effectiveness of the medications. This act helps promote transparency in drug pricing and provides regulations to ensure the safety and efficacy of generic medicines in the country.
Question 2 of 9
An infection in a central venous access device is not eliminated by giving antibiotics through the catheter. How would bacterial glycocalyx contribute to this?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The bacterial glycocalyx is a sticky, gelatinous substance that surrounds the bacterial cell wall. It helps protect the bacteria from antibiotic and immunologic destruction by forming a barrier that prevents antibiotics and immune cells from effectively reaching and eliminating the bacterial infection. This protection allows the bacteria to persist and cause persistent infections, even when antibiotics are administered through the catheter.
Question 3 of 9
What is the therapeutic use of Digoxin?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The therapeutic use of Digoxin is primarily to increase cardiac output and slow down the heart rate. Digoxin is a cardiac glycoside that works by increasing the force of the heart's contractions, thereby improving cardiac output in conditions such as heart failure. Additionally, it also helps to slow down the heart rate by affecting the electrical conduction system of the heart. This combination of effects makes Digoxin valuable in treating conditions like heart failure, atrial fibrillation, and atrial flutter.
Question 4 of 9
A patient with coronary artery disease asks the nurse about the good cholesterol laboratory values. The nurse knows that good cholesterol refers to which lipids?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: High-density lipoproteins (HDLs) are often referred to as the "good cholesterol" because they help remove excess cholesterol from the bloodstream back to the liver for processing and excretion. Higher levels of HDL cholesterol are associated with a reduced risk of coronary artery disease and other cardiovascular diseases. A higher HDL level is considered beneficial for heart health, while lower levels are associated with an increased risk of heart disease. Monitoring HDL cholesterol levels is important in the management of coronary artery disease and assessing cardiovascular risk.
Question 5 of 9
A 24-year-old G1P0 woman arrives at the hospital in labor at 39 weeks gestation. She denies an epidural, stating her desire to give birth naturally. After 5 h of labor, the baby has begun its descent through the birth canal when the patient requests pain relief. Which of the following opioids would be best to administer?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Labor pain relief without epidural favors Butorphanol , a mixed opioid agonist-antagonist. It provides analgesia with less respiratory depression risk to the fetus than Codeine , Methadone , or Morphine (E). Dextromethorphan is a cough suppressant. Butorphanol's safety profile suits late labor, minimizing neonatal impact.
Question 6 of 9
The patient is ordered furosemide (Lasix). Before administering furosemide, it is most important for the nurse to assess the patient for allergies to which drug class?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Furosemide belongs to the sulfonamide drug class. Physicians commonly prescribe furosemide for its diuretic effects in conditions like heart failure, hypertension, and edema. It is crucial for the nurse to assess the patient for allergies to sulfonamides before administering furosemide due to the potential for cross-reactivity between these drugs. Allergies to sulfonamides can lead to severe reactions, such as skin rashes, itching, and in rare cases, anaphylaxis. By identifying any potential allergies, the nurse can prevent adverse reactions and ensure patient safety.
Question 7 of 9
Dr. Smith orders a gram of human salt poor albumin product for a patient. The product is available in a 50-milliliter vial with a concentration of 25 percent. What dosage will the nurse administer?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 8 of 9
Prescription only medicines are included in :
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Prescription-only medicines are included in Schedule IV of the Controlled Substances Act. Schedule IV controlled substances have a lower potential for abuse compared to drugs in Schedules I, II, and III. These prescription medications still require a prescription from a healthcare provider, but they have a lower potential for abuse and addiction, which allows them to be categorized in Schedule IV. Examples of Schedule IV substances include certain tranquilizers and sedatives like Xanax and Valium.
Question 9 of 9
The following drug may be used safely in pregnancy:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Carbamazepine carries teratogenic risks (e.g., neural tube defects), making it unsafe in pregnancy. Digoxin is safe, used for fetal arrhythmias or maternal heart conditions, with no major congenital risks, a true statement. Streptomycin causes ototoxicity in the fetus, and methotrexate, a folate antagonist, is highly teratogenic, both unsafe. Propylthiouracil is also safe but not listed here correctly per the key. Digoxin's safety profile in pregnancy makes it a preferred option for cardiac issues, balancing maternal and fetal needs.