ATI RN
Cardiovascular System Exam Questions Pdf Questions
Question 1 of 5
This is a procedure where a small mesh tube is inserted into an artery to keep it open and improve blood flow.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Stent placement. Stent placement involves inserting a mesh tube into an artery to keep it open and improve blood flow. This procedure is minimally invasive compared to bypass surgery (C) and CABG (D), which involve rerouting blood flow. Angioplasty (B) is related but specifically refers to widening the artery using a balloon catheter, not inserting a mesh tube like in stent placement. Therefore, A is the best choice for the given procedure.
Question 2 of 5
What is a condition where the blood supply to the brain is interrupted or reduced, preventing brain tissue from getting oxygen and nutrients?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Stroke. A stroke occurs when the blood supply to the brain is interrupted or reduced, leading to a lack of oxygen and nutrients to brain tissue. This can result in brain cell damage or death. A transient ischemic attack (TIA) is a temporary interruption of blood flow to the brain with similar symptoms but resolves quickly without causing permanent damage. Myocardial infarction is a heart attack caused by blockage of blood flow to the heart muscle, not the brain. Angina is chest pain due to reduced blood flow to the heart, not the brain. Thus, only a stroke directly involves the interruption of blood supply to the brain, making it the correct answer.
Question 3 of 5
What is a chronic condition where the blood pressure in the arteries is persistently elevated, increasing the risk of heart disease and stroke?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hypertension. Hypertension is characterized by persistently elevated blood pressure, which increases the risk of heart disease and stroke. This condition is commonly referred to as high blood pressure. Hypotension (B) is the opposite, indicating low blood pressure. Hyperlipidemia (C) is high levels of fats in the blood, not directly related to blood pressure. Hyperglycemia (D) is high blood sugar levels, also not directly related to blood pressure. Therefore, based on the definition and associated health risks, A is the correct choice.
Question 4 of 5
What is the procedure where a catheter is used to open a blocked or narrowed coronary artery, often involving the placement of a stent?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Angioplasty. During angioplasty, a catheter with a balloon at its tip is used to open a blocked or narrowed coronary artery. The balloon is inflated to widen the artery and improve blood flow. Often, a stent is placed during the procedure to help keep the artery open. Option B, valve replacement, is incorrect as it involves replacing a faulty heart valve, not opening a blocked coronary artery. Option C, stent placement, is close but not specific to the procedure of using a catheter and balloon. Option D, CABG, is a surgical procedure where arteries or veins are used to bypass blocked coronary arteries, not using a catheter.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following is a chronic condition where the heart muscle is weakened and unable to pump blood effectively, often leading to heart failure?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale: 1. Dilated cardiomyopathy (A) is characterized by the heart muscle becoming weak and enlarged, leading to ineffective pumping. 2. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (B) involves thickened heart muscle but not necessarily weakened. 3. Restrictive cardiomyopathy (C) involves stiffening of the heart muscle, not necessarily weakening. 4. Myocarditis (D) is inflammation of the heart muscle, not specifically related to chronic weakening and heart failure. Therefore, A is the correct answer as it directly relates to the weakened heart muscle leading to ineffective pumping and heart failure.