ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Practice B Questions
Question 1 of 5
This drug when taken orally reverses the hepatic necrosis effect of paracetamol :
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Acetylcysteine is the antidote for acetaminophen (paracetamol) overdose. Acetaminophen overdose can lead to hepatic necrosis, and acetylcysteine is effective in preventing or reversing this hepatotoxicity. It works by replenishing depleted hepatic stores of glutathione, which is essential for detoxifying the reactive metabolite of acetaminophen. This helps to protect the liver cells from damage caused by the toxic metabolite of acetaminophen. Naloxone, vitamin K, warfarin, and diphenhydramine are not effective in reversing the hepatic necrosis caused by paracetamol overdose.
Question 2 of 5
A patient diagnosed with malignant melanoma, a skin cancer, is treated with interferon alfa-2a. The nurse teaches this patient about which side effect?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Flulike syndrome, characterized by fever, chills, fatigue, and muscle aches, is a common side effect of interferon alfa-2a. This occurs because the drug stimulates the immune system, mimicking the body's response to a viral infection. While gastrointestinal symptoms may occur, they are less common than flulike syndrome. Interferon alfa-2a does not typically cause an increase in white or red blood cells. The nurse should educate the patient about managing flulike symptoms, such as using antipyretics and staying hydrated.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse reviews the patient’s medication history. Based on the patient’s prolonged use of topical corticosteroids, which assessment will the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Prolonged use of topical corticosteroids can cause thinning of the skin (B) and purpura (D) due to decreased collagen production and increased fragility of blood vessels. Weight gain (A) is associated with systemic, not topical, corticosteroid use. Erythematous lesions (C) are not typically caused by topical corticosteroids.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is giving medications to a patient in heart failure. The intravenous route is chosen instead of the intramuscular route. The nurse knows that the factor that most influences the decision about which route to use is the patient's
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In patients with heart failure, diminished circulation is a significant concern. The intravenous (IV) route is preferred over the intramuscular (IM) route because it ensures rapid and reliable drug delivery, especially in patients with compromised cardiac output. IM injections rely on adequate blood flow for absorption, which may be impaired in heart failure due to poor circulation. Altered biliary function, increased glomerular filtration, and reduced liver metabolism are less relevant to the choice of administration route in this context. Therefore, diminished circulation is the primary factor influencing the decision to use the IV route.
Question 5 of 5
A child is admitted with a serious infection. After two days of antibiotics, he is severely neutropenic. The physician orders granulocyte transfusions for the next four days. The mother asks the nurse why? The nurse responds:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Granulocyte transfusions are used to temporarily increase the white blood cell count in severely neutropenic patients, particularly those with life-threatening infections. These transfusions provide functional granulocytes to help fight the infection while the patient's bone marrow recovers and begins producing its own white blood cells. This explanation is accurate and reassures the mother that the treatment is aimed at supporting the child's immune system during a critical period.