ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Proctored Exam 2024 Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
This drug is used to treat opioid overdose :
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Naloxone is a medication used to treat opioid overdose by rapidly reversing the effects of opioids on the central nervous system. It works by binding to the same receptors in the brain that opioids target, effectively displacing the opioids and reversing their effects. Naloxone can quickly restore normal breathing in individuals who have overdosed on opioids, potentially saving their lives. It is commonly administered in emergency situations, such as in hospitals, ambulances, and by first responders. Naloxone is an essential tool in treating opioid overdose and is considered a life-saving medication in such cases.
Question 2 of 5
Which drug must be administered intravenously?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Interleukin 2 is administered intravenously because it is a protein that would be broken down in the digestive system if taken orally. Epoetin alfa, granulocyte colony–stimulating factor (G-CSF), and granulocyte-macrophage colony–stimulating factor (GM-CSF) can be administered subcutaneously. The nurse should ensure proper administration of interleukin 2 and monitor for side effects, such as capillary leak syndrome, which can cause fluid retention and hypotension.
Question 3 of 5
The school nurse prepares a program for junior high school students on sun safety. Which information will the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Sunscreen should provide protection against both UVA and UVB radiation and include SPF information (A). UVB radiation is most intense between 10 a.m. and 2 p.m. (B). An SPF of at least 15 is recommended (D). Clouds do not block all radiation, so sunscreen is still needed on cloudy days (C is incorrect).
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is reviewing factors that influence pharmacokinetics in the neonatal patient. Which factor puts the neonatal patient at risk with regard to drug therapy?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Neonates have an immature renal system, which affects the excretion of drugs and their metabolites. This immaturity can lead to prolonged drug half-lives and an increased risk of toxicity. While hyperperistalsis, irregular temperature regulation, and smaller circulatory capacity can influence drug therapy, the immature renal system is the most significant factor. Nurses must consider this when administering medications to neonates and adjust dosages accordingly to ensure safety and efficacy.
Question 5 of 5
A severely immunocompromised female patient requires a blood transfusion. To prevent GVHD, the physician will order:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Irradiation of donor blood is a standard practice to prevent graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) in immunocompromised patients. Irradiation inactivates the donor's lymphocytes, preventing them from attacking the recipient's tissues. Diphenhydramine and acetaminophen are used to manage allergic reactions or fever but do not prevent GVHD. Administering the transfusion slowly does not address the risk of GVHD. Therefore, irradiation is the correct preventive measure.