ATI RN
NCLEX questions on chemotherapy drugs Questions
Question 1 of 5
This drug is the preferred agent for teatment of nocardiosis and, in combination with pyrimethamine, is prophylactic against preumocystis carinii infections in AIDS patiens.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Sulfadiazine is the preferred treatment for nocardiosis and, combined with pyrimethamine, is effective prophylaxis against Pneumocystis jirovecii (carinii) in AIDS patients.
Question 2 of 5
This drug has been used prophylactically in contacts of children with infection due to Haemophilus influenzae type B. It is also prophylactic in meningococcal and staphylococcal carrier states. While the drug eliminates a majority of meningococci from carriers, highly resistant strains may be selected out during treatment
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Rifampin is used prophylactically for Haemophilus influenzae type B and meningococcal infections, though resistance can emerge during treatment.
Question 3 of 5
Chemical interactions between this drug and cell membrane components can result in the formation of pores lined by hydrophilic groups present in the drug molecule.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Nystatin, a polyene antifungal, binds to ergosterol in fungal cell membranes, forming pores that disrupt membrane integrity and cause cell death.
Question 4 of 5
Which one of the following statements about flucytosine is accurate?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Flucytosine is bioactivated by fungal cytosine deaminase into 5-fluorouracil, which inhibits fungal DNA and RNA synthesis.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following drugs is most likely to cause additive anemia and neutropenia if administered to an AIDS patient taking zidovudine?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Ganciclovir causes bone marrow suppression, including anemia and neutropenia, which can be additive with zidovudine’s similar effects.