ATI RN
Assessment of Genitourinary System Questions
Question 1 of 5
This drug is a pyrophosphate analog which inhibit DNA polymerase and reverse transcriptase, is used only to treat associated cytomegalovirus infection in AIDS patient.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Foscarnet. Foscarnet is a pyrophosphate analog that inhibits both DNA polymerase and reverse transcriptase, making it effective against cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in AIDS patients. It is not a nucleoside analog like Acyclovir (A) and Valacyclovir (B) which target viral DNA polymerase. Amantadine (C) is an antiviral drug used for influenza A virus, not CMV. Foscarnet is specifically indicated for CMV infection in AIDS patients due to its unique mechanism of action, making it the correct choice.
Question 2 of 5
Which antileprosy drug that both suppresses lepra reaction and reversal reaction?:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Clofazimine. Clofazimine is an antileprosy drug that is known to suppress both lepra reactions and reversal reactions. It has anti-inflammatory properties that help control and prevent leprosy reactions. Dapsone (A) is primarily used for leprosy treatment but does not specifically target lepra and reversal reactions. Rifampin (B) is effective against the leprosy bacteria but is not known for its role in managing lepra reactions. Minocycline (D) is another antibiotic used in leprosy treatment but does not have the same anti-inflammatory properties as clofazimine. Therefore, clofazimine is the correct choice for managing both lepra and reversal reactions in leprosy patients.
Question 3 of 5
A 75 year old male with BPH has continues to have urinary symptoms of prostatic obstruction after trial of alpha blocking drug tamsulosin . Dutasteride is added to his therapy,he is also taking hydrochlorothiazide sildenafil and testosterone. Which of the following medication could have an interaction with dutasteride?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Testosterone. Dutasteride is a 5-alpha reductase inhibitor used to treat BPH by reducing DHT levels. Testosterone is converted to DHT by the enzyme 5-alpha reductase, so combining dutasteride with testosterone can potentially increase the risk of side effects related to low DHT levels. Tamsulosin is an alpha blocker and does not directly interact with dutasteride. Sildenafil is a phosphodiesterase inhibitor used for erectile dysfunction and does not have a known interaction with dutasteride. Hydrochlorothiazide is a diuretic and is unlikely to interact with dutasteride.
Question 4 of 5
A patient is taking sildenafil is diagnosed to have effort angina. Which of the following antianginal drug should be avoided?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Nitroglycerin should be avoided in a patient taking sildenafil because both drugs can cause a significant drop in blood pressure leading to severe hypotension, syncope, or even cardiovascular collapse. Nitroglycerin is a potent vasodilator, and when combined with sildenafil (a phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor), the additive vasodilatory effects can result in dangerous hypotension. A: Amlodipine and B: Diltiazem are calcium channel blockers that are commonly used in combination with sildenafil for the treatment of hypertension and angina. They work through different mechanisms and do not have a significant interaction with sildenafil. D: Metoprolol is a beta-blocker that can be safely used with sildenafil. It helps in reducing heart rate and blood pressure, and its combination with sildenafil can have a beneficial effect in patients with angina.
Question 5 of 5
Furosemide acts by inhibiting the following in the renal tubular cell:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Furosemide inhibits the Na+K+/2Cl- transporter in the renal tubular cell specifically in the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle. This leads to decreased reabsorption of sodium, potassium, and chloride ions, resulting in increased excretion of water and electrolytes. The other choices, Na+K+ ATPase (A), Na+/Cl- transporter (B), and Na+H+ antiporter (D), are not the primary target of furosemide in the kidney and do not lead to the same diuretic effect.