This drug can cause muscle damage, especially when used with any of several drugs including erythromycin:

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Lovastatin (Mevacor). Lovastatin is a statin medication used to lower cholesterol levels. It can cause muscle damage, particularly when used in combination with drugs like erythromycin, which can increase lovastatin levels in the body, leading to an increased risk of muscle-related side effects. Cholestyramine (A) is a bile acid sequestrant used to lower cholesterol, but it does not cause muscle damage. Gemfibrozil (C) and Probucol (D) are also cholesterol-lowering drugs, but they are not known to cause significant muscle damage, especially when combined with erythromycin.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, Furosemide (Lasix). Furosemide is a loop diuretic that can cause ototoxicity by affecting the inner ear. It can lead to hearing loss or tinnitus. Acetazolamide (A) is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, not associated with ototoxicity. Hydrochlorothiazide (C) and Amiloride (D) are not known to cause ototoxicity.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Tetracyclins can lead to gastrointestinal irritation, phototoxicity, hepatotoxicity, anti-anabolic effect, dental hypoplasia, and bone deformities. Gastrointestinal irritation is a common side effect due to direct irritation of the mucosa. Phototoxicity can occur upon exposure to sunlight. Hepatotoxicity refers to liver damage. Anti-anabolic effect can interfere with bone growth. Dental hypoplasia and bone deformities are associated with tetracycline use during tooth development. Choices A, B, and C only mention some of the side effects, while D encompasses all possible unwanted effects of tetracyclins.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because all the listed effects - nausea, vomiting, allergic reactions, and hemolytic anemia - are unwanted effects associated with nitrofuranes. Nitrofuranes are known to cause gastrointestinal upset (nausea, vomiting), allergic reactions in some individuals, and hemolytic anemia, a condition where red blood cells are destroyed faster than they can be produced. Therefore, all of the above effects are unwanted and can be caused by nitrofuranes. The other choices (A, B, C) are incorrect because they do not encompass all the possible unwanted effects associated with nitrofuranes.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Acyclovir. Acyclovir is not an antiretroviral agent, as it is primarily used to treat herpes virus infections. Zidovudine, Zalcitabine, and Didanozine are all antiretroviral drugs used specifically to treat HIV infections. These drugs work by inhibiting the replication of the HIV virus. Acyclovir, on the other hand, works by inhibiting the replication of herpes viruses. Therefore, Acyclovir does not target HIV and is not classified as an antiretroviral agent.