ATI RN
Drugs for Cardiovascular Disease Questions
Question 1 of 5
These substances are vitamin-like compounds, EXСEPT:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why choice B (Vitamin PP) is correct: 1. Vitamin PP is not a vitamin-like compound. 2. Vitamin PP refers to niacin (B3), which is essential and classified as a vitamin. 3. Choline, Vitamin U, and Orotate acid are vitamin-like compounds. 4. Choline is essential for liver function. 5. Vitamin U aids in digestive health. 6. Orotate acid is involved in nucleic acid metabolism. Summary of why other choices are incorrect: - Choice A (Choline): Essential for liver function. - Choice C (Vitamin U): Aids in digestive health. - Choice D (Orotate acid): Involved in nucleic acid metabolism.
Question 2 of 5
The unwanted effect of cholecalciferol is:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Metastatic calcifications. Cholecalciferol, a form of vitamin D, can lead to excessive calcium levels in the blood, causing calcium deposits in soft tissues like the kidneys, lungs, and blood vessels. This can result in metastatic calcifications. Choice A is incorrect as cholecalciferol deficiency, not excess, leads to defective bone mineralization. Choice B is unrelated to cholecalciferol effects. Choice C is not a common side effect of cholecalciferol supplementation.
Question 3 of 5
The drug can promote sodium loss in patients with low (e.g., 40 ml/min) glomerular filtration rates:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Furosemide (Lasix). Furosemide is a loop diuretic that acts on the ascending loop of Henle to inhibit sodium reabsorption, leading to sodium loss. In patients with low glomerular filtration rates, furosemide can still promote sodium loss by directly affecting renal tubular function. Acetazolamide, on the other hand, is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor that primarily works in the proximal tubule and is not as effective in promoting sodium loss in patients with low GFR. Therefore, the correct choice is A as furosemide can promote sodium loss in patients with low GFR, while acetazolamide is not as effective in this scenario.
Question 4 of 5
Antibiotics inhibiting the bacterial cell wall synthesis are:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Beta-lactam antibiotics. These antibiotics work by inhibiting the synthesis of bacterial cell walls through binding to penicillin-binding proteins, leading to cell lysis. Tetracyclines (B) inhibit protein synthesis, aminoglycosides (C) disrupt protein synthesis by binding to ribosomes, and macrolides (D) interfere with protein synthesis by binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit. Therefore, only beta-lactam antibiotics directly target bacterial cell wall synthesis, making them the correct choice.
Question 5 of 5
Rifampin has the following unwanted effect:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Rifampin is known to cause hepatotoxicity, making option D the correct answer. Rifampin is metabolized in the liver, potentially leading to liver damage. The other options, dizziness and headache (A), loss of hair (B), and flu-like syndrome with tubular necrosis (C), are not commonly associated with rifampin use. Hepatotoxicity is a serious adverse effect that warrants close monitoring during rifampin therapy.