ATI RN
Chapter 11 Cardiovascular Drugs Test Questions Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
These histamine H1 antagonists are recognized for as second-generation antihistamines, EXCEPT:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, Suprastine, because it is not a second-generation antihistamine. Second-generation antihistamines are known for having minimal sedative effects and longer duration of action compared to first-generation antihistamines. Astemizole, Loratadine, and Cetirizine are all second-generation antihistamines with these characteristics. Suprastine, on the other hand, is a first-generation antihistamine and does not meet the criteria for being a second-generation antihistamine. Therefore, it is the exception in this list.
Question 2 of 5
Hypertriglyceridemia denotes high blood levels of triglycerides. It has been associated with atherosclerosis, even in the absence of hypercholesterolemia (high cholesterol levels). This consideration is:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: TRUE. Hypertriglyceridemia is indeed associated with atherosclerosis, even without high cholesterol levels. Triglycerides play a role in the development of atherosclerosis by contributing to the formation of plaque in the arteries. High levels of triglycerides can lead to inflammation and damage to the arterial walls, promoting the development of atherosclerosis. Therefore, the statement is true. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not accurately reflect the relationship between hypertriglyceridemia and atherosclerosis as described in the question stem.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following drugs used in the treatment of gout has as its primary effect the reduction of uric acid synthesis:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Allopurinol is the correct answer as it inhibits xanthine oxidase, an enzyme involved in uric acid synthesis. By reducing the conversion of hypoxanthine to xanthine and xanthine to uric acid, allopurinol effectively lowers uric acid levels. Sulfinpyrazone increases uric acid excretion, not synthesis. Colchicine works by reducing inflammation in gout attacks, not affecting uric acid levels. Indomethacin is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug that alleviates gout symptoms but does not target uric acid synthesis.
Question 4 of 5
Indication for calcium administration is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. Calcium administration is indicated in malabsorption of vitamin D because vitamin D is necessary for calcium absorption in the intestine. 2. Malabsorption of vitamin D leads to decreased calcium absorption, which can result in calcium deficiency. 3. Administering calcium can help compensate for the decreased absorption of calcium due to vitamin D malabsorption. Summary: - Option A is incorrect as the formation of vitamin D in the skin is not directly related to calcium administration. - Option C is incorrect as hypercalcemia of malignancy indicates excess calcium, not a need for calcium administration. - Option D is incorrect as it mentions the deficiency of vitamin D, not the malabsorption of vitamin D, which is the indication for calcium administration.
Question 5 of 5
Furosemide (Lasix) acts at this nephron site:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Ascending thick limb of the loop of Henle. Furosemide inhibits the Na+/K+/2Cl- symporter in this nephron segment, leading to decreased reabsorption of sodium, chloride, and water. This mechanism of action results in increased diuresis. The other choices (A, C, D) represent different nephron segments where Furosemide does not primarily act. In the proximal convoluted tubule (A), it mainly inhibits the Na+/K+/2Cl- symporter, and in the distal convoluted tubule (C) and collecting duct (D), it has minimal impact on sodium reabsorption.