ATI RN
Pharmacology ATI Proctored Exam 2024 Questions
Question 1 of 5
These are reactions to drugs that cannot be explained by known mechanism.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Idiosyncratic reactions to drugs refer to individual responses that cannot be explained by known mechanisms or understood pharmacological properties of the drug. These reactions are typically unpredictable and uncommon. Unlike allergic reactions that involve a specific immune response, idiosyncratic reactions are unique to the individual and may not be fully understood. Side effects, on the other hand, are known and expected effects of a drug, while teratogenic effects are related to drug exposure during pregnancy causing harm to the fetus.
Question 2 of 5
Dr. Rodriguez orders 250 milliliters of packed red blood cells (RBC) for a patient. This therapy is administered for the treatment of:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Packed red blood cells (RBCs) are used to treat anemia, a condition characterized by a low red blood cell count or hemoglobin level. Anemia can result from blood loss, chronic disease, or nutritional deficiencies. Thrombocytopenia and leukopenia involve low platelet and white blood cell counts, respectively, and are not treated with RBC transfusions. Hypoalbuminemia involves low albumin levels and requires albumin infusions, not RBCs. Therefore, anemia is the correct indication for this therapy.
Question 3 of 5
What medication is a contraindication to Nitroglycerin
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Erectile dysfunction drugs like Viagra (sildenafil), Cialis (tadalafil), and Levitra (vardenafil) are contraindicated with Nitroglycerin. Both Nitroglycerin and erectile dysfunction drugs work by lowering blood pressure. When taken together, they can cause a significant drop in blood pressure leading to dizziness, fainting, and even serious complications like low blood pressure and decreased oxygen supply to the heart. Therefore, it is important to avoid using these medications together to prevent potential harm.
Question 4 of 5
A 16-year-old female was rescued from a house fire and transported to the emergency department. She has no serious burns but is beginning to show signs of cyanide toxicity. She is given sodium nitrite as an antidote. How will sodium nitrite help in this case?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Cyanide toxicity from smoke inhalation blocks cytochrome oxidase. Sodium nitrite oxidizes hemoglobin iron to methemoglobin, which binds cyanide, reducing toxicity. Urine pH , chelation , inactivation , and enzyme regeneration (E) don't apply. This shifts cyanide away from mitochondria, aiding recovery.
Question 5 of 5
A patient who has recently started therapy on a statin drug asks the nurse how long it will take until he sees an effect on his serum cholesterol. Which statement would be the nurse™s best response?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse's best response would be, "It takes 6 to 8 weeks to see a change in cholesterol levels." Statin drugs typically take around 6 to 8 weeks before a noticeable effect on serum cholesterol levels is seen. This timeframe allows the medication to fully take effect and lower the cholesterol levels in the blood. Patients should continue with the prescribed treatment regimen and have their cholesterol levels monitored regularly to assess the effectiveness of the medication.