ATI RN
Pediatric Respiratory Assessment Nursing Questions
Question 1 of 5
There is an appropriate type of play for every ages of an infant based on their ability and what they can appreciate. During 7 months, the infant appreciates the face of his caregivers. Hubert is playing with a 7 month old boy, Santino. What type of play will be best for Santino at his stage?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B) Peek-a-boo for a 7-month-old infant like Santino. Peek-a-boo is developmentally appropriate and engaging for infants at this age because it involves simple, repetitive movements that capture their attention and stimulate their social and cognitive skills. Infants around 7 months start to develop object permanence, which means they understand that objects still exist even when out of sight. Playing peek-a-boo helps reinforce this concept in a fun and interactive way by repeatedly revealing and concealing faces. Option A) Hide and seek involves more complex concepts like hiding and seeking, which may be too advanced for a 7-month-old to grasp fully. Option C) Make believe and Option D) Building blocks are also more suitable for older children who have advanced in their cognitive and motor skills development. In an educational context, understanding the appropriate types of play for different age groups is crucial for promoting optimal development and learning. By engaging infants in developmentally appropriate activities like peek-a-boo, caregivers and educators can support their cognitive, social, and emotional growth effectively. This knowledge helps create enriching and engaging experiences that cater to the specific needs and abilities of infants at each stage of their development.
Question 2 of 5
Mucoviscidosis would also predispose Sonya to later development of which of the following lung disorder?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In this pediatric respiratory assessment scenario, the correct answer is C) Pneumothorax. Mucoviscidosis, also known as cystic fibrosis, is a genetic disorder that affects the mucus and sweat glands in the body. In the lungs, the abnormally thick and sticky mucus can lead to recurrent lung infections and blockages in the airways. Over time, this can cause lung damage and complications such as pneumothorax, which is the presence of air or gas in the pleural cavity, leading to lung collapse. Option A) Pleural effusion is an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pleural space, which is not directly linked to mucoviscidosis. Option B) Obstructive emphysema is a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) characterized by damage to the air sacs in the lungs, typically caused by smoking or environmental factors, rather than mucoviscidosis. Option D) Tuberculosis is a bacterial infection that primarily affects the lungs and is not specifically associated with mucoviscidosis. Educationally, it is important to understand the respiratory complications associated with genetic disorders like mucoviscidosis to provide comprehensive care to pediatric patients. By recognizing the potential development of pneumothorax in these patients, healthcare providers can monitor and intervene early to prevent serious respiratory complications.
Question 3 of 5
A child with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is admitted to the hospital with pneumonia. The nurse would plan which priority intervention when caring for the child?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D) Maintain a structured routine and keep stimulation to a minimum. In caring for a child with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) admitted to the hospital with pneumonia, maintaining a structured routine and minimizing stimulation is crucial. Children with ASD often have sensory sensitivities and may become overwhelmed in new or stimulating environments, which can exacerbate their symptoms and distress. By providing a structured routine and minimizing stimulation, the nurse can create a calming and predictable environment for the child, promoting comfort and facilitating recovery. Option A) Placing the child in a room with a roommate of the same age may increase sensory input and disrupt the child's routine, leading to distress and potential worsening of symptoms. Option B) Taking the child frequently to the playroom to play with other children can overwhelm the child with social interactions and sensory stimuli, which can be challenging for a child with ASD and may hinder recovery. Option C) Maintaining frequent touch and eye contact with the child may not be appropriate as children with ASD can be sensitive to touch and eye contact, which can cause discomfort and distress. Educationally, understanding the unique needs of children with ASD is essential for nurses caring for them in various healthcare settings. Providing a supportive and accommodating environment tailored to the individual needs of each child with ASD is critical in promoting their well-being and ensuring effective care delivery.
Question 4 of 5
A parent reports to the nurse that her child has inflamed conjunctivae of both eyes with purulent drainage and crusting of the eyelids, especially on awakening. These manifestations suggest
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B) Bacterial conjunctivitis. Inflamed conjunctivae with purulent drainage and crusting of the eyelids are classic symptoms of bacterial conjunctivitis. This condition is commonly caused by bacterial infections such as Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus pneumoniae. The purulent discharge is a key indicator of a bacterial etiology. Option A) Viral conjunctivitis typically presents with watery discharge, redness, and irritation, but not purulent drainage or crusting. Option C) Conjunctivitis caused by a foreign body would present with symptoms related to the presence of a foreign object in the eye. Option D) Allergic conjunctivitis is characterized by itching, tearing, and redness, but not typically purulent discharge or crusting. In an educational context, understanding the distinguishing characteristics of different types of conjunctivitis is crucial for nurses to provide accurate assessments and appropriate interventions. Recognizing the specific symptoms of bacterial conjunctivitis can guide proper treatment, such as antibiotic eye drops, and prevent potential complications. Nurses must be adept at differentiating between the various causes of conjunctivitis to ensure effective care for pediatric patients.
Question 5 of 5
Parents tell the nurse that their child keeps scratching the areas where he has bed bugs. The nurse's response would be based on which statement?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct response is option D: "Scratching the lesions may cause them to become secondarily infected." This answer is correct because when a child scratches the areas where they have bed bugs, it can lead to breaks in the skin, creating openings for bacteria to enter and cause a secondary infection. This is a common concern in pediatric patients with skin conditions exacerbated by scratching. Option A is incorrect because scratching can indeed cause problems such as skin breakdown and infection. Option B is incorrect as bed bug bites can cause itching due to the body's reaction to the bug's saliva. Option C is incorrect as scratching the lesions will not cause the bed bugs to spread; however, it can lead to complications like infection. In an educational context, it is crucial for nurses to understand the implications of scratching on skin integrity, especially in pediatric patients. Teaching parents about the risks associated with scratching can help prevent further complications and promote proper wound care practices. Nurses play a vital role in educating families on how to manage skin conditions effectively to prevent secondary infections and promote healing.