ATI RN
Age Specific Considerations in Patient Care Questions
Question 1 of 5
Theories based on study of the brain and its activities are called:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Biological. Theories based on the brain and its activities fall under the field of biological psychology, which focuses on how biological factors influence behavior and mental processes. This includes studying brain structures, neural pathways, neurotransmitters, and their impact on behavior. Social (A) theories focus on interactions between individuals, Psychological (C) theories relate to mental processes and behavior, and Psychobiological (D) is a term that could be used interchangeably with Biological but is less commonly used. Hence, the most specific and appropriate term for theories related to the brain is Biological.
Question 2 of 5
An older adult patient who lives with a daughter and attends the Alzheimer day hospital program exhibits bilateral bruising for the second time on both upper outer arms. When the nurse questions the patient about the bruising, the patient starts to cry and pleads, 'Please don't say anything. It's not my daughter's fault. I just bruise easily.' Which intervention reflects the best management of this situation?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Report the elder abuse and inform the patient and the daughter of your intention. This is the best intervention as it prioritizes the safety and well-being of the older adult. Here's the rationale: 1. The patient's repeated bruising and fear of disclosure indicate potential abuse. 2. Reporting elder abuse is mandatory to ensure protection for the patient. 3. Informing the patient and daughter shows transparency and involves them in the process. 4. It is crucial to address the situation promptly to prevent further harm. Summary: A: Calling the daughter may escalate the situation and compromise the patient's safety. C: Notifying the social worker without addressing the abuse directly may delay necessary action. D: Counseling may be beneficial, but addressing the abuse is a priority to ensure the patient's safety.
Question 3 of 5
A child, aged 11 years, has to stay home from school to care for his siblings while his mother works, because the family cannot afford a babysitter. The father appears to be emotionally abusive. Which intervention could be used for the primary prevention of problems such as these?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because lobbying for subsidized childcare and increasing the minimum wage addresses the root causes of the family's situation, such as financial insecurity and lack of affordable childcare. This intervention aims to prevent similar situations from occurring by advocating for systemic changes that can support families in need. Choice A focuses on providing support to the parents, which may not address the underlying issues of financial instability and emotional abuse. Choice C addresses detection and treatment after the abuse has occurred, rather than preventing it from happening in the first place. Choice D focuses on providing counseling services after abuse or neglect has already taken place, rather than preventing it through systemic changes like subsidized childcare and increased minimum wage.
Question 4 of 5
A client has been admitted with disorganized type schizophrenia. The nurse observes blunted affect and social isolation. The client occasionally curses or calls another client a 'jerk' without provocation. The nurse asks the client how he is feeling, and he responds, 'Everybody picks on me. They frobitz me.' The best response for the nurse to make would be:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: "Who do you mean when you say 'everybody'?" Rationale: 1. Clarifying the client's statement helps to understand his perception. 2. Asking specifically about 'everybody' encourages the client to express his feelings and thoughts. 3. It promotes therapeutic communication by showing empathy and active listening. Incorrect choices: A: "That's really too bad." - This response does not address the client's specific concerns or promote further exploration. C: "What difference does frobitzing make?" - This response is dismissive and lacks empathy or understanding of the client's experience. D: "Why do they frobitz?" - This response is confrontational and may come across as accusatory, potentially shutting down communication.
Question 5 of 5
A salesman has had difficulty holding a job because he accuses co-workers of conspiring to take his sales. Today, he argued with several office mates and threatened to kill one of them. The police were called, and he was brought to the mental health center for evaluation. He has had previous admissions to the unit for stabilization of paranoid schizophrenia. When the nurse meets him, he points at staff in the nursing station and states loudly, 'They're all plotting to destroy me. Isn't that true?' Which would be the most appropriate response?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Thinking that people want to destroy you must be very frightening. Rationale: 1. Acknowledges the patient's feelings: By stating that thinking people want to destroy him is frightening, the nurse shows empathy and validates his experience. 2. Validates the patient's emotions: This response does not directly agree or disagree but acknowledges the emotions behind the patient's statement. 3. Builds rapport: By showing understanding and empathy, the nurse can establish trust and rapport with the patient, leading to better communication and therapeutic relationship. Summary of other options: A: This response denies the patient's feelings and could potentially escalate the situation by invalidating his experiences. B: This response may come off as confrontational and does not address the patient's underlying fears. D: This response is dismissive and does not address the patient's emotional distress, potentially leading to further agitation.